Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

alevel pe aqa > neuromuscular system > Flashcards

neuromuscular system Flashcards

1
Q

slow twitch muscle fibres are also known as

A

type 1 muscle fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

type 2 a are also known as

A

fast oxidative glycolytic fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

type 2 b are also known as

A

fast glycolytic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the 6/7 things to remember when describing muscles fibres

A

how fast they contract
aerobic or anaerobic
blood cells and colour
myoglobin+ mitochondria levels
fatigue?
sporting examples

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

type 1- slow twitch muscle fibres

A

contract slowly
produce small power
do not fatigue quickly
aerobically powered
high rbc content that carries o2
high myoglobin + mitochondria
long dist, endurance events eg walking and marathon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

type 2a - fast twitch

A

contract quickly and with power- mid

anaerobically powered but do use small percentage of oxygen
fatigue fairly quickly

limited red blood cells and appear pink
fewer myoglobin and mitochondria than type 1

quick events that involve prolonging power, speed and explosive qualities (1-2 mins) eg 400m and 800m running

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

type 2b - fast twitch

A

contract the quickest and with the most power

powered anaerobically
have minimal o2 supply and use ATP/PC energy system

they are white as they have few to zero rbcs

have no myoglobin and mitochondria

fatigue very quickly

fast explosive events 100m sprint, shot, discus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

major storage fuel for type 1 fibres

A

triglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

major storage fuel for type 2a

A

glycogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

major storage fuel for type 2b

A

PC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

myosin ATPase levels for type 1

A

low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

myosin ATPase for type 2a

A

intermediate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

myosin ATPase for type 2b

A

high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

glycogen stores for type 2a

A

high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

glycogen stores for type 1

A

low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

glycolytic capacity for type 1

A

low

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

glycogen stores for type 2b

A

very high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

glycolytic capacity for type 2a

A

high

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

glycolytic capacity for type 2b

A

very high

20
Q

capillary density for type 1

A

high

21
Q

capillary density for type 2a

A

intermediate

22
Q

capillary density for type 2b

A

low

23
Q

muscle fibre diameter for type 1

A

small

24
Q

muscle fibre density for type 2a

A

intermediate

25
Q

muscle fibre density for type 2b

A

very large

26
Q

size of motor neurone for type 2b

A

large

27
Q

size of motor neurone for type 1

A

small

28
Q

size of motor neurone for type 2a

A

large

29
Q

activity type for type 1

A

aerobic

30
Q

activity type for type 2b

A

short anaerobic

31
Q

activity type for type 2a

A

longer anaerobic

32
Q

what benefit does having a large motor neurone have

A

the larger the motor neurone the larger the connection to the muscle fibre so a more powerful contraction happens

33
Q

what is the parasympathetic nervous system

A

lowers hr
calms us down
release acetylcholine

34
Q

what is the sympathetic nervous system

A

prepares us for exercise
increases hr
fight or flight
release of adrenaline

35
Q

the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems are part of the?

A

peripheral nervous system which transmits information from the brain to parts of the body so they can adjust

36
Q

what is a neuromuscular interaction

A

eg a muscle contraction involves the muscular system working with the nervous system

37
Q

what is a motor unit

A

the motor neurone and the muscle fibres stimulated

38
Q

what is the dependent on which the amount of fibres are stimulated

A

on the precision of the movement

39
Q

describe the amount of fibres stimulated for powerful movements

A

many fibres are stimulated eg 2000 per unit when powerful movements occur, for example a basketball jumpshot

40
Q

describe the amount of fibres stimulated for precise movements

A

few fibres are stimulated eg 1-5 per unit eg eye movement or spin bowling in the wrist

41
Q

motor units are recruited depending on

A

the activity being undertaken

the need twitch/time response

42
Q

what is a motor end plate

A

the point at which the motor neurone meets the muscle

43
Q

describe the neuromuscular junction

A

calcium ions enter the synaptic knob which releases the transmitter chemical acetylcholine which aids the spread of the impulse across the synaptic cleft

if enough ACE is released there is a change in the permeability of the sarcolemma to sodium and potassium ions
now the muscle fibre has action potential giving it the capability to contract

44
Q

what is the all or none law

A

Either all muscle fibres contract or none do, minimum threshold of stimulation must be reached

45
Q

what is wave summation

A

Repeated nerve impulse with no time to relax so a smooth sustained contraction occurs, rather than twitches. one impulse is sent and then a second before the first one is received

46
Q
A

alevel pe aqa (35 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions