concepts of pe and sport Flashcards
physical recreation, sport, pe, outdoor education, school sport,
what is physical recreation
the active aspect of leisure, it is entered into voluntarily during a persons free time
what are individual functions of physical recreation
improves:
health
social skills
self confidence
self esteem
skill levels
gain a sense of fun and enjoyment
reduces stress
societal functions of physical recreation
reduces strain on nhs
increased social integration and improved community cohesion.
incr employment and economic benefits (when people use facilities/buy equipment)
positive use of free time increases social control.
decreases crime stats
possible more elite performers emerging
characteristics of physical recreation
fun, enjoyable, non serious and informal
winning is NOT important, participation is the main motive, voluntary use of free time.
flexible in terms of length of participation and rules
self officiated/regulated
involves adults at the participation stage of the sport development continuum
physically energetic
state 3 characteristics of running as physical recreation
choice as you choose to go running
you to it for relaxation/enjoyment
self regulated you go at your own pace
in your free/leisure time eg after work
you choose the route/distance
explain 3 benefits to society of increasing participation in physical recreation
Increased health and fitness decreases strain on the NHS and lowers obesity rates
A more positive use of free time increases social control and decreases crime statistics in a more socially inclusive society
Increased social integration as individuals from different social communities join clubs and socially interact
Increased employment / economic benefits result from more people using facilities and buying equipment to participate
what is sport
a serious and competitive experience involving physical exertion
characteristics of sport
highly structured (time limits/boundaries)
specialist equipment
officials are present (trained by ngb).
strategies and tactics are used.
rewards are received for success (medals/personal satisfaction)
high skill levels are visible
high levels of commitment
serious and competitive
function of sport for individual
improved health and fitness
Self confidence increases
Feel good factor of participation.
Social opportunities
Develops positive sporting morals (fair play and sportsmanship)
Utilised free time in a positive manner
Enjoyment of striving to be successful in sport and achieving it
function of sport for society
Strain on NHS is reduced
Social control is increased
Social integration and community cohesion is promoted.
Employment opportunities
Economic benefits
Equality of opportunity via sports participation for all
Identify how taking part in tennis can meet three characteristics of sport
Strict rules apply, e.g. set court area
Umpires / officials enforce the rules
High skill levels are involved, e.g. volleying
Strategies and tactics are used to outwit an opponent
Extrinsic rewards are available for winning a match
It is competitive
Specialist equipment is used
Commitment and serious training is involved
Lots of people take part in sport to increase their health and fitness. Identify two functions of taking part in sport for an individual
Increases their self-confidence as a result of skill improvement and success
Provides more opportunities to communicate / socialise / work as part of a team / make friends at sports clubs
Develop positive sporting attitudes, e.g. fair play / sportsmanship
similarities between func and charac of sport and physical recreation
Increase Health and Fitness
Performed in a persons free time
Gain intrinsic benefits: personal satisfaction
Physically energetic
Cognitive development esteem
Improves self confidence and self
differences between func and charac of physical recreation and sport
available to all/voluntary/choice > more selective/obligation/for occupation.
emphasis on taking part/participation focus > emphasis on winning/serious/competitive
limited/varied effort > high level of effort/commitment for training/comp
rules can be modified (timings/numbers) > set rules apply
mainly intrinsic rewards > extrinsic rewards available for success (medals and trophies)
self officiated > external officials enforce rules
varies skills/fitness level > higher skills/fitness level
basic equipment and clothing used/worn> high tech
what is physical education
Compulsory school lessons focused on physical activity, minimum of 2 hours per week for reception to Y11
follow the National Curriculum as a guide. This includes the range of activities, different roles and healthy lifestyles
what are the 3 components of the triangular model of PE
education
school sport
recreation
what is the triangular model of PE for
so that pupils experience of PE should involve a number of different elements
explain each component of the triangular model of PE
School Sport (Extra curricular competitive opportunities – inter house competitions involving as many pupils as possible, inter school competitions representing the school)
Education (National Curriculum PE, including outdoor education)
Recreation (extra curricular, non-competitive participation opportunities)
characteristic of PE
Compulsory
Involves formal taught lessons
4 key stages 5-16
Begins at primary school ‘foundation level’
Teachers are in-charge and deliver lessons
Lessons are pre-planned
Highly structured
It is in school time
Functions of Physical Education
Improved Self esteem
Improved health and fitness
Positive attitudes towards physical activity
Develops a range of physical skills
Personal and social skills developed (teamwork, leadership, communication)
Positive sporting ethics – morality, fair play and sportsmanship
Cognitive skills: Improves problem solving skills, decision making and creativity
Develops self analysis skills and awareness of own strengths and weaknesses
Aims to encourage ‘life long participation and creating a sporting habit for life’
Similarities between Physical recreation and Physical Education (func and charac)
Develop physical skills
Require energy (active)
Health and fitness benefits
Enjoyable (intrinsic benefits)
Differences between Physical Recreation and Physical Education (func and charac)
voluntary/choice > compulsory
in free time > in school time
informal/relaxed > formal teaching and learning
self regulated > teacher in charge
participation level > foundation level at primary school level
simple/limited organisational structure > highly structured
what is Outdoor education as part of the National Curriculum
‘Activities which take place in the natural environment and utilise nature / geographical resources such as mountains, river and lakes’
Characteristics of Outdoor Education
The achievement of educational objectives via guided and direct experiences in the natural environment
Taught lessons in an unfamiliar environment such as map reading up a mountain
can be taught on school site – compass bearings in orienteering lessons
Functions/benefits of Outdoor Education
Gain an appreciation and engagement with natural environment
Develop physical and survival skills
Increased self esteem and confidence
Increase health and fitness
Improved social skills – team work, co-operation, leadership
Learn how to deal with challenging situations
Facing and overcoming your fears
Excitement
Cognitive skills: improved decision making
Awareness of safety: Perceived risk (A challenge that stimulates a sense of danger and adventure for beginner or inexperienced performers in a safe environment, with danger minimised via stringent safety measures (wearing safety harness when climbing)
Using examples, identify three ways in which perceived risk can be experienced as part of a schools PE programme
As a challenge that stimulates a sense of danger/adventure/gives an adrenaline rush
For beginners/inexperienced performers in a safe environment
With danger minimised via stringent safety measures/use of expert instruction (e.g. wearing a safety harness when climbing)
how are issues with delivery of outdoor education usually overcome
residential trips to outdoor centres
what are the issues with the delivery of outdoor education that pe departments face
A lack of time (time in the curriculum)
A lack of money (high cost of specialist equipment)
Lack of qualified or motivated staff
Location of the school (travel to facilities)
Health and safety concerns by parents
how can outdoor education develop physical skills
eg skiing
caving
canoeing
how can outdoor education develop social skillls
working as a team in raft building, taking turn to lead on a mountain hike developing leadership skills
how can outdoor education develop cognitive skills
decision making on which route to take when mountain biking
how can outdoor education develop health and fitness
From exertions when taking part in mountain biking, climbing, orienteering
what is school sport
Playing for the school team in intra-school fixtures (against other schools) or inter-school fixtures (inter form competitions)
Occurs in extra curricular time and is a choice (non- compulsory)
Characteristics of School Sport
Extra-curricular
A choice for children attending school
Competitive
Sometimes external coaches help support increase the range of activities
Supported by teachers giving up their time voluntarily to coach teams and school sports partnerships and school games
what is school sports partnerships
The creation of increased opportunities for school sport via junior / primary schools working together with secondary schools and further education providers
what are school games
Initiative to increase participation in school sport through intra/inter-school level through to county and national levels
Functions of school sport
Increase health and fitness
Increased skill levels
Increased self esteem and confidence
Improved social interaction – new friends
Improved cognitive skills: decision making
Improved academic achievement if students become more motivated to attend school
comparison of pe and school sport
in lesson time/curriculum time > in free time/extracurricular
compulsory> voluntary involvement
for all > chosen few/elitist
emphasis on taking part > on winning/competitive
teacher led > coaches involved
wide variety of activities > specialisms develop
The performance level of the development continuum with an emphasis on winning best describes the characteristics of school sport true or false
true
which set of all characteristics all apply to physical education:
competitive, fun, voluntary
compulsory, formal, pre-planned.
flexible, highly skilled, serious.
informal, tactical, self-officiated
compulsory, formal, pre-planned.
which of these shows the characteristics of both sport and physical recreation
competition is compulsory, played in free time, involves being physically active in leisure time.
may include competition, can provide stress relief, beneficial use of leisure time
may include competition, can provide stress relief, beneficial use of leisure time
two adults play badminton for the purpose of physical recreation, which one of the following levels of the sporting development continuum does this activity occur?
foundation
participation
performance
participation
