concepts of pe and sport

Question 1

what is physical recreation

Answer 1

the active aspect of leisure, it is entered into voluntarily during a persons free time

Question 2

what are individual functions of physical recreation

Answer 2

improves:
health
social skills
self confidence
self esteem
skill levels
gain a sense of fun and enjoyment
reduces stress

Question 3

societal functions of physical recreation

Answer 3

reduces strain on nhs
increased social integration and improved community cohesion.
incr employment and economic benefits (when people use facilities/buy equipment)
positive use of free time increases social control.
decreases crime stats
possible more elite performers emerging

Question 4

characteristics of physical recreation

Answer 4

fun, enjoyable, non serious and informal

winning is NOT important, participation is the main motive, voluntary use of free time.

flexible in terms of length of participation and rules

self officiated/regulated

involves adults at the participation stage of the sport development continuum

physically energetic

Question 5

state 3 characteristics of running as physical recreation

Answer 5

choice as you choose to go running

you to it for relaxation/enjoyment

self regulated you go at your own pace

in your free/leisure time eg after work

you choose the route/distance

Question 6

explain 3 benefits to society of increasing participation in physical recreation

Answer 6

Increased health and fitness decreases strain on the NHS and lowers obesity rates

A more positive use of free time increases social control and decreases crime statistics in a more socially inclusive society

Increased social integration as individuals from different social communities join clubs and socially interact

Increased employment / economic benefits result from more people using facilities and buying equipment to participate

Question 7

what is sport

Answer 7

a serious and competitive experience involving physical exertion

Question 8

characteristics of sport

Answer 8

highly structured (time limits/boundaries)
specialist equipment
officials are present (trained by ngb).
strategies and tactics are used.
rewards are received for success (medals/personal satisfaction)
high skill levels are visible
high levels of commitment
serious and competitive

Question 9

function of sport for individual

Answer 9

improved health and fitness
Self confidence increases
Feel good factor of participation.

Social opportunities

Develops positive sporting morals (fair play and sportsmanship)

Utilised free time in a positive manner

Enjoyment of striving to be successful in sport and achieving it

Question 10

function of sport for society

Answer 10

Strain on NHS is reduced
Social control is increased
Social integration and community cohesion is promoted.
Employment opportunities
Economic benefits
Equality of opportunity via sports participation for all

Question 11

Identify how taking part in tennis can meet three characteristics of sport

Answer 11

Strict rules apply, e.g. set court area
Umpires / officials enforce the rules
High skill levels are involved, e.g. volleying
Strategies and tactics are used to outwit an opponent
Extrinsic rewards are available for winning a match
It is competitive
Specialist equipment is used
Commitment and serious training is involved

Question 12

Lots of people take part in sport to increase their health and fitness. Identify two functions of taking part in sport for an individual

Answer 12

Increases their self-confidence as a result of skill improvement and success

Provides more opportunities to communicate / socialise / work as part of a team / make friends at sports clubs

Develop positive sporting attitudes, e.g. fair play / sportsmanship

Question 13

similarities between func and charac of sport and physical recreation

Answer 13

Increase Health and Fitness
Performed in a persons free time
Gain intrinsic benefits: personal satisfaction
Physically energetic
Cognitive development esteem
Improves self confidence and self

Question 14

differences between func and charac of physical recreation and sport

Answer 14

available to all/voluntary/choice > more selective/obligation/for occupation.

emphasis on taking part/participation focus > emphasis on winning/serious/competitive

limited/varied effort > high level of effort/commitment for training/comp

rules can be modified (timings/numbers) > set rules apply

mainly intrinsic rewards > extrinsic rewards available for success (medals and trophies)

self officiated > external officials enforce rules

varies skills/fitness level > higher skills/fitness level

basic equipment and clothing used/worn> high tech

Question 15

what is physical education

Answer 15

Compulsory school lessons focused on physical activity, minimum of 2 hours per week for reception to Y11

follow the National Curriculum as a guide. This includes the range of activities, different roles and healthy lifestyles

Question 16

what are the 3 components of the triangular model of PE

Answer 16

education
school sport
recreation

Question 17

what is the triangular model of PE for

Answer 17

so that pupils experience of PE should involve a number of different elements

Question 18

explain each component of the triangular model of PE

Answer 18

School Sport (Extra curricular competitive opportunities – inter house competitions involving as many pupils as possible, inter school competitions representing the school)

Education (National Curriculum PE, including outdoor education)

Recreation (extra curricular, non-competitive participation opportunities)

Question 19

characteristic of PE

Answer 19

Compulsory
Involves formal taught lessons
4 key stages 5-16
Begins at primary school ‘foundation level’
Teachers are in-charge and deliver lessons
Lessons are pre-planned
Highly structured
It is in school time

Question 20

Functions of Physical Education

Answer 20

Improved Self esteem
Improved health and fitness
Positive attitudes towards physical activity
Develops a range of physical skills
Personal and social skills developed (teamwork, leadership, communication)
Positive sporting ethics – morality, fair play and sportsmanship
Cognitive skills: Improves problem solving skills, decision making and creativity
Develops self analysis skills and awareness of own strengths and weaknesses
Aims to encourage ‘life long participation and creating a sporting habit for life’

Question 21

Similarities between Physical recreation and Physical Education (func and charac)

Answer 21

Develop physical skills
Require energy (active)
Health and fitness benefits
Enjoyable (intrinsic benefits)

Question 22

Differences between Physical Recreation and Physical Education (func and charac)

Answer 22

voluntary/choice > compulsory

in free time > in school time

informal/relaxed > formal teaching and learning

self regulated > teacher in charge

participation level > foundation level at primary school level

simple/limited organisational structure > highly structured

Question 23

what is Outdoor education as part of the National Curriculum

Answer 23

‘Activities which take place in the natural environment and utilise nature / geographical resources such as mountains, river and lakes’

Question 24

Characteristics of Outdoor Education

Answer 24

The achievement of educational objectives via guided and direct experiences in the natural environment

Taught lessons in an unfamiliar environment such as map reading up a mountain

can be taught on school site – compass bearings in orienteering lessons

Question 25

Functions/benefits of Outdoor Education

Answer 25

Gain an appreciation and engagement with natural environment
Develop physical and survival skills
Increased self esteem and confidence
Increase health and fitness
Improved social skills – team work, co-operation, leadership
Learn how to deal with challenging situations
Facing and overcoming your fears
Excitement
Cognitive skills: improved decision making
Awareness of safety: Perceived risk (A challenge that stimulates a sense of danger and adventure for beginner or inexperienced performers in a safe environment, with danger minimised via stringent safety measures (wearing safety harness when climbing)

Question 26

Using examples, identify three ways in which perceived risk can be experienced as part of a schools PE programme

Answer 26

As a challenge that stimulates a sense of danger/adventure/gives an adrenaline rush

For beginners/inexperienced performers in a safe environment

With danger minimised via stringent safety measures/use of expert instruction (e.g. wearing a safety harness when climbing)

Question 27

how are issues with delivery of outdoor education usually overcome

Answer 27

residential trips to outdoor centres

Question 28

what are the issues with the delivery of outdoor education that pe departments face

Answer 28

A lack of time (time in the curriculum)
A lack of money (high cost of specialist equipment)
Lack of qualified or motivated staff
Location of the school (travel to facilities)
Health and safety concerns by parents

Question 29

how can outdoor education develop physical skills

Answer 29

eg skiing
caving
canoeing

Question 30

how can outdoor education develop social skillls

Answer 30

working as a team in raft building, taking turn to lead on a mountain hike developing leadership skills

Question 31

how can outdoor education develop cognitive skills

Answer 31

decision making on which route to take when mountain biking

Question 32

how can outdoor education develop health and fitness

Answer 32

From exertions when taking part in mountain biking, climbing, orienteering

Question 33

what is school sport

Answer 33

Playing for the school team in intra-school fixtures (against other schools) or inter-school fixtures (inter form competitions)

Occurs in extra curricular time and is a choice (non- compulsory)

Question 34

Characteristics of School Sport

Answer 34

Extra-curricular
A choice for children attending school
Competitive
Sometimes external coaches help support increase the range of activities
Supported by teachers giving up their time voluntarily to coach teams and school sports partnerships and school games

Question 35

what is school sports partnerships

Answer 35

The creation of increased opportunities for school sport via junior / primary schools working together with secondary schools and further education providers

Question 36

what are school games

Answer 36

Initiative to increase participation in school sport through intra/inter-school level through to county and national levels

Question 37

Functions of school sport

Answer 37

Increase health and fitness
Increased skill levels
Increased self esteem and confidence
Improved social interaction – new friends
Improved cognitive skills: decision making
Improved academic achievement if students become more motivated to attend school

Question 38

comparison of pe and school sport

Answer 38

in lesson time/curriculum time > in free time/extracurricular

compulsory> voluntary involvement

for all > chosen few/elitist

emphasis on taking part > on winning/competitive

teacher led > coaches involved

wide variety of activities > specialisms develop

Question 39

The performance level of the development continuum with an emphasis on winning best describes the characteristics of school sport true or false

Answer 39

true