aerobic system

Question 1

what is the intensity like

Answer 1

low as it requires oxygen

Question 2

what is the energy yield compared to the anaerobic process

Answer 2

18 times greater yield

Question 3

what is stage one called

Answer 3

anaerobic glycolysis

Question 4

how many molecules of ATP are produced in stage one and where do they come from

Answer 4

net gain of 2 although really 3 but one is used up in the resynthesis of adp + p, the energy comes from the breakdown of glucose

Question 5

what happens to pyruvic acid instead of converting into lactic acid

Answer 5

in the presence of oxygen it is converted into 2 acetyl groups which diffuse into the matrix of the mitochondria

Question 6

what is stage 2 called

Answer 6

the krebs cycle

Question 7

what happens to the 2 acetyl groups from pyruvic acid

Answer 7

they form acetyl coenzyme a

Question 8

what is the equation the krebs cycle

Answer 8

acetyl coenzyme a + oxaloacetic acid = citric acid

Question 9

what happens to the citric acid in the krebs cycle

Answer 9

it undergoes oxidative carboxylation and the carbon and hydrogen are removed

Question 10

what happens to the carbon given off in the krebs cycle

Answer 10

it is oxidised/undergoes oxidation and forms carbon dioxide which is transported to the lungs and is expired

Question 11

what happens to the hydrogen given off in the krebs cycle

Answer 11

it is taken to the electron transport chaint

Question 12

the process of rearranging citric acid produced how many molecules of ATP

Answer 12

2

Question 13

where is the hydrogen transported to in the mitochondria and what by

Answer 13

cristae by hydrogen carries called NAD and FAD

Question 14

in the ETC what is the hydrogen split into

Answer 14

hydrogen ions (protons) and electrons that are charged with potential energy

Question 15

what happens to the hydrogen ions in the ETC

Answer 15

they are oxidised and combine with oxyegen to from H2O which is expired

Question 16

what happens to the electrons in the ETC

Answer 16

the pairs are split to provide energy to resynthesize atp produced 34 atp

Question 17

each pair of electrons provides sufficient energy to resynthesize

Answer 17

2 or 3 ATP molecules dependent on the carrier

Question 18

what is the overall amount of atp produced from this system

Answer 18

net 38 molecules of ATP

Question 19

advantage: 1 molecule of glucose…

Answer 19

provides energy to resynthesize 38 molecules of ATP

Question 20

advantage: no…

Answer 20

fatiguing biproducts

Question 21

advantage: lots of glycogen and triglyceride stores so

Answer 21

exercise can last a long time

Question 22

disadvantage: complicated system…

Answer 22

it cannot be used straight away only after 3 minutes

Question 23

disadvantage: fatty acid transportation to….

Answer 23

muscles is low and requires 15% more oxygen to be broken down within glycogen, you need to work within 40%-60% of your maxhr zone

Question 24

beta oxidation is

Answer 24

the breakdown of fats

Question 25

describe beta oxidation

Answer 25

the fatty acids are converted into acetyl coenzyme A and enters into the krebs cycle, this fat metabolism then follows the same path as glycogen metabolism, more ATP can be made from 1 fatty acid molecule than one molecule of glucose in long duration low intensity exercise where fatty acids can be the prodominant energy source depending on the fitness of the performer

Question 26

stored fat is broken down into

Answer 26

glycerol and 3 fatty acids

Question 27

one molecule of glucose provides enough energy to

Answer 27

resynthesize 38 ATPs