neural 1; defects and TBI Flashcards
concussion
both hemispheres are involved
blackout ie interruption of brain fx
scattered =
diffuse
coup injury
one hemisphere is involved
local =
focal
inflammation of the meninges bacterial or viral vaccines for bac because its 60% fatal viral is self-limiting with sx tx meningismus
meningitis
diffuse axonal injury
damage to axons
vegetative state
congenital defects include
hydrocephalus
spina bifida
cerebral palsy
crude support for movement; big bulky muscles
extrapyramidal pathway
spina bifida
most common neural tube defect in US
idiopathic
varies from occulta to myelomeningocele
surgery that relieves fluid pressure in brain
shunt
focal =
local
countrecoup injury
both hemispheres are involved
cerebral palsy
progressive
permanent motor/ coordination dysfunction until affects cerebrum
crossing of the fibers of the corticospinal tracts from on side of the central nervous system to the other near the medulla and spinal cord
pyramidal decussion
simple crack in skull
simple/ linear
neuromuscular unit =
motor unit
most common neural tube defect in US
idiopathic
varies from occulta to meningocele to myelomeningocele
spina bifida
mildest form
most common form of spina bifida
small gap in vertebrae
spina bifida occulta
motor unit =
neuromuscular unit
myelomeningocele
most sever form of spina bifida
spinal canal remains open along several vertebrae in the lower back
meninges, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and CSF protrude through this large opening at birth
pyramidal decussion
crossing of the fibers of the corticospinal tracts from one side of the central nervous system to the other near the medulla and spinal cord
types of skull fractures include
simple/ linear
comminuted
depressed
spina bifida occulta
mildest form of spina bifida
most common form
small gap in vertebrae
hydrocephalus
condition where excessive cerebrospinal fluid accumulates within the skull decreased absorption shunt needed easier if baby than adult from acute injury as adult (necrosis)
shunt
surgery that relieves fluid pressure in brain
secondary TBI
sx from swelling from impact
steroids needed to see primary damage
pyramidal pathway
controls delicate muscle; excitatory
sx from swelling from impact
secondary TBI
condition where excessive cerebrospinal fluid accumulates within the skull decreased absorption shunt needed easier if a baby than adult from acute injury as adult (necrosis)
hydrocephalus
meningitis
inflammation of the meninges bacterial or viral vaccines for bac because its 60% fatal viral is self limiting with sx tx meningismus
damage to axons
vegetative state
diffuse axonal injury
contusion
amount of force equals the amount of permanent damage
bruise
several fracture lines in skull
comminuted
rare form of spina bifida
meninges protrude through vertebral opening
meningocele
TBI
traumatic brain injury
displacement of bone fragments into the brain
depressed fracture
one hemisphere is involved
coup injury
both hemispheres are involved
countrecoup
simple/ linear
comminuted
depressed
types of skull fractures
both hemispheres are involved
blackout ie interruption of brain fx
concussion
diffuse =
scattered
meningismus
stiff neck
most severe form of spina bifida
spinal canal remains open along several vertebrae in the lower back
meninges, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and CSF protrude through this large opening at birth
myelomeningocele
controls delicate muscle; excitatory
pyramidal pathway
amount of force equals the amount of permanent damage
bruise
contusion
stiff neck
meningismus
meningocele
rare form of spina bifida
meninges protrude through vertebral opening
inflammation of the brain usually viral may be secondary or primary infection headaches confusion dizziness
encephalitis
extrapyramidal pathway
crude support for movement; big bulky muscles
primary TBI
permanent damage to brain tissue
permanent damage to brain tissue
primary TBI
encephalitis
inflammation of the brain usually viral may be secondary or primary infection headaches confusion dizziness
progressive
permanent motor movement/ coordination dysfunction until affects cerebrum
cerebral palsy
