Nervous Histoligy

Question 1

Nervous tissue consists of two principal cell types

Answer 1

Neuroglial(glial cells) small cells that surround and wrap delicate neurons

Neurons( nerve cells) excitable cells that transmit electrical signals

Question 2

Four main neuroglia support cns neuron

Answer 2

Astocytes

Microglial cells

Ependymal cells

Oligodendrocytes

Question 3

10 times more glial cells then neuron cells

Question 4

Astrocytes care takers of the brain

Answer 4

Most abundant, versatile and highly branched of glial cells

Cling to neurons, synaptic endings, and capillaries

Supporting neurons: They provide structural and metabolic support.
Regulating the blood-brain barrier: They help control what substances enter the brain from the bloodstream.
Maintaining homeostasis: They regulate ion balance and remove excess neurotransmitters.
Aiding in repair and scarring: After injury, they help form a protective scar.
Facilitating synapse function: They contribute to synaptic transmission and plasticity.

Question 5

Astrocytes function in

Answer 5

Support and grace neurons

Play role in exchanges between capillaries and neurons

Guide migration of young neurons

Provide structural support to neurons.
Help maintain the blood-brain barrier.
Regulate nutrients and ions around neurons.
Clear neurotransmitters to prevent damage.
Aid in brain repair after injury.

Question 6

Microglial cells migrate

Answer 6

Defense: They act as the brain’s first responders to injury or infection by detecting and removing pathogens or damaged cells through phagocytosis (eating and digesting debris).
Inflammatory Response: They help trigger an inflammatory response when there’s injury or disease, although too much inflammation can lead to damage.
Support Neuron Health: Microglial cells also help maintain and protect neurons by cleaning up damaged cells and promoting healing.

Question 7

Ependymal cells of the cns has cilia

Answer 7

In short, ependymal cells are essential for producing and circulating cerebrospinal fluid, which helps protect and nourish the brain and spinal cord.

Question 8

Neuroglia of the pns

Answer 8

Branched cells that processes wrap cns nerve fibers forming insulating myelin sheaths in thicker nerve fibers

Question 9

There are only two neuroglia in the pns

Answer 9

Satellite cells and schawn cells

Question 10

Satalite cells pns

Answer 10

Surround neuron cell bodies in the pns

Function similar to Astrocytes of cns

Question 11

Shawn cells in the pns

Answer 11

Surround all peripheral nerve fibers and form myelin sheaths in thicker nerve fibers

Vital to regeneration of damaged peripheral nerve fibers