anatomy and physiology

Question 1

Maintaining boundaries

Answer 1

Separation of the internal and external environments is important for the body.
The plasma membrane separates cells, and the skin separates the body from the environment.

Question 2

Movement

Answer 2

Movement is essential for life and health.
The muscular system makes movement possible.
At the cellular level, movement is called contractility.

Question 3

Responsiveness

Answer 3

Responsiveness is the ability to sense and react to changes in the environment.
Examples:
Reflexes prevent injury.
Breathing adjusts to meet the body’s needs.
Body temperature stays balanced.

Question 4

Digestion

Answer 4

Digestion breaks down food into smaller parts.
Simple molecules are then absorbed into the blood.

Question 5

Metabolism

Answer 5

Metabolism is the process that turns food and drink into energy for the body.
It also helps remove toxic substances from the body.

Question 6

Excretion

Answer 6

Excretion removes waste from the body.
Organs involved: Liver, skin, lungs, intestines.
Examples:
Urea: From protein breakdown.
Carbon dioxide: From metabolism.
Feces: Unabsorbed food from the intestines.

Question 7

Reproduction

Answer 7

Reproduction is how organisms create more of themselves.
It often involves cell division to form new organisms.

Question 8

Growth

Answer 8

Growth is the increase in size of a body part or the entire organism.