Neonicoinoids Flashcards
What is the most widely used Neonicotinoid as an insecticide?
Imidacloprid
What is different about Neonicotinoids than Organophosphates and Carbamates?
Cause less toxicity in non-targeted species
What is Neonicotinoids associated with?
The decline of the honey bee population and monarch butterfly population
Neonicotinoid properties
Water soluble
Degrade slowly in the environment
Degraded by direct light
Why do Neonicotinoids degrade slowly in the environment?
charged nitrogen metabolites
What is the half life of Neonicotinoids?
34 days
Neonicotinoid toxicokinetics
Poorly absorbed
Metabolized in Liver
Excreted in bile and urine
Mechanism of Action of Neonicotinoids
Nicotinic Acetylcholine receptor agonist
irreversible binding
High levels overstimulate and block receptors
What is blood brain barrier does Neonicotinoids cross?
Insects
What are the clinical signs of Neonicotinoid high levels?
paralysis
death
What does Liver and environmental metabolism of Neonicotinoids result in?
Desnitro-neonics which have charged nitrogen
