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RUSVM Toxicology 2016 > Fluoroacetate (Compound 1080) > Flashcards

Fluoroacetate (Compound 1080) Flashcards

1
Q

What is Fluoroacetate used in?

A

Livestock protection collars

Pesticide

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2
Q

What are some properties of Fluoroacetate?

A

Odorless
water soluble
Degraded by soil microorganisms and plant enzymes

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3
Q

What color is Fluoroacetate in livestock collars?

A

Yellow

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4
Q

How is Fluoroacetate absorbed?

A

GI tract
Lung
Open wounds

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5
Q

What compound is Fluoroacetate metabolized into?

A

Monofluoracetic acid

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6
Q

How is Fluoroacetate excreted?

A

Urine

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7
Q

What is the mechanism of Action of Fluoroacetate?

A

Condenses with oxaloacetate to fluorocitrate and competes with regular citrate as a substrate for aconitase in the TCA cycle.

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8
Q

What are the results of the mechanism of Action of Fluoroacetate toxicosis?

A

decreasing cellular respiration and energy
Build up of citrate that is not being used - binds calcium
Inhibition of various enzymes

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9
Q

What are the clinical signs of Fluoroacetate toxicosis?

A 
CNS stimulation and GI signs 
Vomiting 
Diarrhea
urination 
hyper irritability
hypermotility 
Running in a straight line 
barking 
yelping 
intermittent tonic-clonic seizures 
Opisthotonos
Hyperthermia 
mydriasis 
coma
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10
Q

What is the time frame for clinical signs of Fluoroacetate toxicosis in dogs?

A

As early as 30 mins or up to 2-4 hours post ingestion

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11
Q

What is the cause of death with Fluoroacetate toxicosis?

A

Respiratory failure/anoxia

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12
Q

What are the clinical signs of Fluoroacetate toxicosis in Horses, cattle, and goats?

A 
Cardiac signs
heart failure 
staggering 
arrhythmias
colic
terminal convulsions
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13
Q

What are the clinical signs of Fluoroacetate toxicosis in sheep?

A 
DIsoriented running
blindness
weakness
ataxia
coma
death
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14
Q

What are the clinical signs of Fluoroacetate toxicosis in Cats and pigs?

A 
Both CNS signs and cardiac signs 
Bradycardia 
arrhythmias
Depression or excitement 
vocalization 
hyperesthesia
hypothermia
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15
Q

What are the lesions of Fluoroacetate toxicosis?

A

No specific lesions

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16
Q

What are the laboratory findings of Fluoroacetate toxicosis?

A

Elevated citrate levels (kidney, heart, blood)
Hyperglycemia
Metabolic acidosis
Low ionized calcium

17
Q

What is the treatment for Fluoroacetate toxicosis?

A

Decontamination - Activated charcoal

Symptomatic treatment: Anticonvulsants, Oxygen therapy, Sodium bicarbonate IV for metabolic acidosis

18
Q

What are the possible antidotes for Fluoroacetate toxicosis?

A

Glycerol monoacetate
Acetic Acid/Ethanol
Acetamide/Dextrose

19
Q

Why is calcium chloride administered for Fluoroacetate toxicosis?

A

to protect the heart from ventricular arrhythmias

20
Q

What is the prognosis for Fluoroacetate toxicosis?

A

Grave

RUSVM Toxicology 2016 (32 decks)

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