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Microbiology -Medical > Mycology > Flashcards

Mycology Flashcards

1
Q

Name of fungal toxins ?

A
  1. amanitin
    phalloidin
    ergotamine
    lysergic acid di-ethyl-amine
    aflatoxins

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2
Q

A+P source ?

A

amanita mushrooms

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3
Q

effects of Amanitin & phalloidin ??

A

liver necrosis
= by inhibiting cellular rna polymerase & prevent mRNA synthesis

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4
Q

E + LSD source ?

A

Claviceps purpura

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5
Q

effects of E+LSD ?

A

Ergotism

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6
Q

aflatoxins source ?

A

aspergillus
flavus

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7
Q

Toxic effects of Aflatoxins ?

A

heparic carcinoma

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8
Q

disease caused by fungal toxins is called ??

A

mycotoxicosis

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9
Q

aflatoxins are ingested with which foods ??

A
  1. spoiled grains
    peanuts
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10
Q

pathogenesis of Hepatic carcinoma by Aflatoxins ??

A
  • Aflatoxins induce mutation in the p53 tumor suppressor gene - loss of p53 protein – loss of growth control in the hepatocytes
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11
Q

Fungal allergies name ??

A

Aspergillus fumigatus = Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis

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12
Q

why Anti-bacterial cannot act on fungi >??

A

due to structural differences

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13
Q

anti-fungal agents cannot attack human cell ??

A

anti-fungal agents attack - fungal cell wall made of ergosterol = human cell membrane made of Cholesterol

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14
Q

why bacteria cannot multiply in the fungal culture media ??

A

due to presence of
1. cycloheximide
chloramphenicol
low pH

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15
Q

Culture media used for Fungus ?

A
  1. Brain heart infusion agar
    dermatophyte test media
    trichophyton agar
    inhibitory mould agar
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15
Q

Bacteria VS Fungi ??

A
  • Fungal - thermal dimorphism + spores for sexuala & asexual reproduction + require organic C for Metabolism
  • bacteria = spore for survival + No TD + donot require organic carbon + 70s + motile + peptidoglycan + Prokaryotic
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16
Q

Fungus is E OR P ??

A

Eukaryotic

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17
Q

systemic fungal drugs name ??

A
  • amphotericin B
    Flucon-azole
    ketacon-azole
    itra & posa azole
    griseofulvin
    flucytosin
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18
Q

tropical fungal drugs name ?

A
  • terbinafine
    nystatin
    clotrimazole
    miconazole
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19
Q

morphological types of Fungus ???

A
  1. yeast
    yeast like fungus
    molds
    dimorphic fungus
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20
Q

Example of Yeast ??

A

Crytococcus neoformans
saccromyces cerevisiae

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21
Q

yeats like fungus example ??

A

candida albicans

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22
Q

moulds example ??

A

dermatophytes
rhinosporidium seeberi

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23
Q

dimorphic fungus name ??

systemic fungus

A
  1. histoplasma capsulatum
    coccidioides immitis
    para-coccidioides brasiliensis
    blastomyces dermatitidis
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24
Q

why dimorphic fungus ??

A
  • mold = in room temperature 22-25
  • yeast = in host at body temperature 37
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25
Q

importance of dimorphic fungi ??

A

identification of mycoses

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26
Q

yeast VS moulds ??

A
  • yeast - unicellular + spherical / elliptical + budding + binary fission
  • mould - multicellular + microscopic filament = hyphae + reproduce by sexual & asexual spores

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27
Q

name of opportunistic fungi ??

A
  • candida albicans
    cryptococcus neoformans
    aspergillus fumigatus
    penicillium
    mucor
28
Q

sexual spores of fungi ??

A
  • zygospore
    ascospores
    basidispores
29
Q

asexual spores of fungi ?

A
  • arthrospores
    blastospores
    sporangiospores
    chlamydospores
30
Q

those fungi that donot from sexual spores >??

A

fungi imperfecti

31
Q

name of fungi imperfecti ??

A

dermatophytes
candida albicans
malassezia furfur

32
Q

culture media of Fungus ??

A

Sabourauds dextrose agar media - SDA

33
Q

Why dextrose in SDA ??

A

Dextrose - source of energy
selective media

34
Q

superficial fungus name ??

A
  • malassezia furfur
    hortae werneckii
    peidraia hortae
    trichosporon species
35
Q

what is Pity-Ria-Sis Versi-Color ??

A

chronic mild superficial infection of the stratum corneum by MF

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36
Q

GENUS name of dermatophytes ??

A
  • trichophyton
    epidermo-phyton
    microsporum
37
Q

trichophyton species name ??

A
  • rubrum
    tonsurans
    mentagrophytes
38
Q

epidermophytons species name ??

A

E floccosum

39
Q

Microsporium species name ??

A
  • canis
    gypseum
39
Q

what type of mycoses in dermatophytes «

A

cutaneous

40
Q

why they are Keratinophilic ??

A

infect only superficial keratinized structures - nail hair skin

41
Q

D caused by dermatoophytes ??

A

tinea
ringworm
dermatophytosis

42
Q

D utilize —- for metabolism ?

A

keratin

43
Q

tinea capitis area ??

A

scalp hair
endothrix
ectothrix

44
Q

tinea corporis area&raquo_space;>

A

trunk and limb

45
Q

tinea cruris location ??

A

groin

46
Q

tinea pedis / athlets foot location ???

A

interdigital spaces of foot

46
Q

dermatophytid - id reaction ?

A

isdes and flexor aspects of fingers

46
Q

tinea barbae ??

A

beard hair

47
Q

what is Id reaction ??

A

hypersensitivity
circulating fungal antigen
vesicle formation in the fingers
lesions donot contain hyphae

48
Q

why dissolve in KOH ??

A

KOH = keratolysis

49
Q

specimen collection for D ??

A
  1. nail clipping
    hair plucking
    skin scrapping

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50
Q

microscopic exam of D & KOH

A

Skin - KOH 10% 1hr
hair - KOH 20% 10hr
nail - KOH 40% 10hr

51
Q

findings of Microscopic ??

A

skin+ nail = septate hyphae + arthrospores
hail = ecto + endotrhix

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52
Q

culture findings of D ??

A

Naked eye - green red white brown + cottony powdery velvety ``

52
Q

microconidia shape of Species of T ??

A

T rubrum - tear drop shape
T tonsurans - elongate
T mentagrophytes - grape like clusters

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52
Q

culture microscopic examination ??

A

micro & macroconidia

52
Q

macroconidia shape of ALL genus ?

A

T - cylindrical
E- club
M- spindle shaped

53
Q

subcutaneous mycoses name ??

A

mycetoma

53
Q

rhinosporidium seeberi incidence ??

A

farmers

54
Q

madura foot caused by ??

A

maduramycosis _ EuMycetoma

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55
Q
A
56
Q
A
57
Q
A

Microbiology -Medical (30 decks)

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