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Microbiology -Medical > Leishmania > Flashcards

Leishmania Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Flagellates parasitic to the blood & tissue are — ??

A

Hemoflagellates

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2
Q

Hemoflaggellates example ??

A
  1. Trypanosoma
  2. Leishmania

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3
Q

Visceral leishmaniasis / Kala azar example ??

A
  1. Indian kalaazar - L donovani
  2. South A KAz - L chagasi
  3. Infantile/Chinese/Mediterranean - L D infantum

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4
Q

Mucocutaneous L / Espundia >??

A

L braziliensis

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4
Q

Cutaneous leishmaniasis ??

A
  1. PKDL - L donovani
  2. Old world cutaneous L - L tropica
  3. New world C L - L mexicana

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5
Q

Reservoir of infection of kala azar ??

A

Man

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6
Q

Parasite life stage in sand fly ??

A

Pro-mastigote / infective form

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6
Q

Parasite life stage in human ??

A

Amastigote form

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7
Q

speciemen collection site ??

A
  1. Splenic pulpn tissue - splenic puncture
  2. Blood - B film & culture
  3. Lymph node aspirates / biopsy
  4. Bone marrow - sterna / iliac crest puncture
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7
Q

Dx of kala azar ??

A

Detecting Leishman-Donovan bodies/ Amastigotes on mononucler phagocytes
in L stained smaer

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7
Q

Specimen for kala azar lab diagnosis ??

A
  1. Splenic pulp tissue
  2. Bone marrow
  3. Lymph node
  4. Blood

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8
Q

Most sensitive method for diagnosis ??

A

LD bodies in splenic smears

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9
Q

Blood culture media for kala azar ??

A

NNN
Novy - Mac neal - Nicole

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10
Q

Findings in blood culture media ??

A

Promastigote form of parasites

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11
Q

How DNA of the parasite is detected ??

A

PCR

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12
Q

Blood count in kalaazar >??

A
  1. Pancytopenia
  2. Granulocytopenia
  3. Monocytosis
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13
Q

Biochemical test result of kala azar ??

A

1.Gamma globulins - Inc
2.Albumin -Dec

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14
Q

Antigen deetction serological test ??

A
  1. ELISA- Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay
  2. RIA- Radio Immuno Assay
15
Q

Antibody detection serological test in kala azar ??

A
  1. DAT
  2. IFAT
  3. CFT
  4. Immunochromatographic rk39 strip test

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16
Q

DAT Antibody detection test ??

A

Direct agglutination test

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17
Q

IFAT full form ??

A

Indirect Flurescent Antibody Test `

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CFT- Computer Fixation Test

18
Q

Clinical features of kala azar ?>?

A
  1. Intermittent fever
  2. Hepatosplenomegaly
  3. Pancytopenia
  4. Weakness
  5. Weight loss
    5Hyperpigmentation

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19
Q

Tx of kala azar ??

A
  1. Na stibogluconate
  2. Amphotericin B
  3. Miltefosine

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20
Q

Morphological form found under microscope ??

A

Amastigote

21
Q

Cause of anemia in kala azar&raquo_space;???

A
  1. Bone marrow hypoplasia
  2. Haemolysis
  3. Epistaxis
  4. Hematemesis due to thrombocytopenia
22
Q

Parasites causing febrile illness ??

A
  1. Leishmania Donovani
  2. Plasmodium
  3. Trypnosoma
23
Q

Viseral leishmaniasis disappear but skin infection persists ??

A

PKDL

24
Q

Tx for PKDL ??

A
  1. Na stibogluconate for 120 days
  2. Amphotericine B
24
Q

Clinical features of PKDL ??

A
  1. Depigmented macules-Trunks & extremities
  2. Erythematous patches- Butterfly ereythema on nose cheek chin
  3. Yellowish pink nodules - earliar lesions on face

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25
Q

Cause of PKDL one line ?

A

Incomplete tretment

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26
Q

What type of cell priamry involved in kala azar ??

A

Reticulo endothelial cells

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27
Q

Vector of Kalazar ??

A

Snd fly - Phlebotomus argentipes

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28
Q

Infective site of kala azar ??

A
  1. Spleen
  2. Bone marrow
  3. Liver
  4. Lymph node

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28
Q

Which sample is best for Dx of kala azar ?»

A

Splenic puncture

29
Q

Why splenic puncture for Dx ?

A

L donovani remains high conc in spleen

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30
Q

Cause of death in kala azar ??

A
  1. TB
  2. Pneumonia
  3. Bleeding manifestation
  4. Amebic / biliary dysentery
  5. Gastro enteriritis

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31
Q

Immunological changes in kala azar ??

A
  1. Macrophage - dec
  2. CD4+ CD8+ count =Dec
  3. CD4+ CD8+ ratio = Altered
  4. IgG = +++++
  5. Cell mediated immunity suppressed

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31
Q

Hematological changes in kala azar&raquo_space;

A
  1. ESR - inc
  2. Pancytopenia
  3. Hb conc - dec
  4. IgG - inc
32
Q

Dx of PKDL ??

A
  1. Direct agglutination test rk39 strip test
  2. Santy parsite (LD bodie ) in slit skin smear / culture

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33
Q

Mode of transmission of kala azar >?

A
  1. Vector brone
  2. Direct transmission
  3. Indirect transmission

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Microbiology -Medical (29 decks)

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