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Microbiology -Medical-Prof > Immunity-Autoimmunity > Flashcards

Immunity-Autoimmunity Flashcards

1
Q

Autoimmunity definition ??

A

Immune response against self antigens due to loss of self tolerance in B & T cells or both

Guide-404

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2
Q

Autoimmune disease ?? Def

A

The D caused by autoimmunity are referred to as AID

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3
Q

Pernicious anemia organ ??

A

Gastric parietal cell

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3
Q

Hashimotos thyroiditis organ ??

A

Thyroid gland

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3
Q

Myasthenia gravis D organ >??

A

Muscle

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4
Q

e

Autoimmune haemolytic anemia organ ??

A

Erythrocytes

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4
Q

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura organ ??

A

Platelets

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5
Q

SLE organ ??

A

Multi system

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6
Q

Rheumatic fever organ ??

A

Joints & heart valves

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7
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis organ ??

A

Joints and organs

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8
Q

Mechanism of autoimmunity 4 point ??

A
  1. Molecular mimicry
    2.Epitope spreading
    3.Failure of Treg
    4.NeoAntigens

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9
Q

Molecular mimicry - Tell in your own word ??

A
  1. AA sequence of Self Atg = AA sequence of Microbes Atg
  2. Immune response against microbes Atg
  3. Activation of self reactive lymphocytes

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10
Q

Example of Molecular mimicry ??

A
  1. GBS
  2. Reiters syndrome
  3. Rheumatic heart D

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11
Q

Reiters syndrome microbes ??

A
  1. Shigella
  2. Chlamydia

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12
Q

Guillain Barre syndrome microbes ??

A
  1. Campylobacter

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13
Q

RHD mecha ?/

A

AB againts streptococcus M protein cross react with myocardial protein

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14
Q

End result of RHD ??

A

Myocarditis

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15
Q

Myasthenia gravis D receptor associated with ??

A

Ach receptor

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16
Q

Graves disease receptor ?/

A

TSH r

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17
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis R ??

A

IgG in joints

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18
Q

Goodpostures syndrome ??

A

Basement membrane of kidney & lung

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19
Q

SLE r ??

A

dsDNA & Histone

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20
Q

Epitope spreading mecha in your own word ??

A
  1. Damage to cells
  2. Damage caused by - Viral bacterial infections
  3. New exposure of sequestered autoAtg
    newly exposed autoAtg == stimulate autoreactive t cell = autoimmune disease

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21
Q

D associated with ES ??

A
  1. SLE
  2. MS
  3. Pemphigus vulgaris
  4. IBD
  5. Crohns D
  6. Ulcerative colitis

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22
Q

Failure of Treg cell outcome ??

A

Treg cell = Suppress proinflammtory effects
So inflammation associated D occure

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23
Q

D associated with failure of Treg cells ??

A
  1. SLE
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24
Q

Neoantigens who ????

A

SelfAtg that have been modified by some extrinsic factors so that they appear foreign to immune system

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25
Q

D associated with Neo Atg ??

A

Procainamide induced SLE

405

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26
Q

R fever microbes ??

A

Streptococcus pyogens

406

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27
Q

R arthritis microbes ??

A

Yersinia enterocolitica

406

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28
Q

complement system ?

A

it is a collective term used to designate a group of plasma protein at least 20 in numbers which normally remain in inactivate form — when activated they act
in an ordinary sequnce to exert biological effects

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28
Q

pathways of complement ?

A

classical
alternative
lectin

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29
Q

which one apperar first ?

A

alternative

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30
Q

which immunity is alternative & lectin ?

A

innate

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31
Q

adaptive humoral immunity ??

A

classical

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32
Q

classical pathway whole ?

A

366

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33
Q

what is C5 reductase ?

A

C4b2b3b

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34
Q

alternative pathway activators name ?

A

LPS
teichoic acid
fungal cell wall
viral envelope
cobra venom
aggregated IgA

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35
Q

lectin pathway activator ?

A

mannan binding lectin -MBL
Mannan - polymer of the sugar , mannose

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36
Q

why IgM more efficient complement activator ?

37
Q

complement system biological function ?

38
Q

cell lysis by whome ?

A

MAC
C5b6789

39
Q

Opsonization by ??

40
Q

chemotaxis by ??

41
Q

anaphylotoxin ?????

42
Q

which one is more potent anaphylotoxin >

43
Q

stimulation of antibody production?

43
Q

C3b convertase ?

A

C3bBb complex

44
Q

C5-C8 which disease ?

A

inc susceptibilty to neisseria infection

44
Q

properdin
factor-D which disease <

A

pyogenic bacterial infection

45
Q

C2
C4 disease ?

45
Q

complement deficiency disease ?

45
Q

C3 which disease ?

A

pyogenic bacterial infection

46
Q

C1 esterase inhibitor
deficiency ?

A

angioedema

47
Q

decay-accelerating factor = DAF ??

A

paroxymal nosturnal hemoglobinuria

369

47
Q

MHC defination ?

A

cluster of genes
located on the short arm of CHr-6

48
Q

MHC classification <

A

MHC-1
HLA-A
HLA-B
HLA-C

MHC-2
HLA-DP-DQ-DR

MHC-3

49
Q

inhibitors of complement >

A

DAF
C1 esterase inhibitors

370

50
Q

Class-1 MHC distribution ?

A

surface of virtually all neucleated cells

51
Q

CLass-2
MHC antigens ??

A

APC
\macrophages
B cells
spleen
langerhans cells

51
Q

class-3 MHC where ?

A

free in plasma

52
Q

example of Class-3 MHC

A

complement C2
C4
properdin
factor B

52
Q

Fucntion of MHC ?

A

atg recognition
association with auto-immune disease
role in organ transplantation
recognition of self& non-self

372

53
Q

hypersensitivity defination <

A

it can be defined as inappropriate / excessive immune response to an
antigenic stimulus
in a
pre-sensitized host
leading to tissue damage
374

53
Q

MHC-1 which T cell ?

54
Q

HLA associated isease ?

A

ankylosing spondylitis
SLE
myasthenia gravis
graves disease
RA
DM
reiters syndrome
primary Sjogren’s syndrome

54
Q

MHC-2 which T cells ?

55
Q

HLA typing defination ?

A

the determination of the compatibility
of the MHC/HLA of
donor/recipient done before tissue transplantation `

55
Q

immunological disease name >

A

hypersensitivity
amyloidosis
autoimmune
immunologic deficiency syndrome

55
Q

tolerance defination

401

A

it is the state of specific immunologic unresponsiveness

56
Q

type-4 hypersensitivity example ?

A

tubeculin test
lepromin test
Multiple sclerosis
Type-1 DM
graft rejection
Crohns disease
granulomatous reaction

56
Q

HLA typing
tests name >

A

DNA sequncing
serological assays
mixed lymphocyte culture - MLC technique

373

56
Q

anaphylaxis defination ??

A

rapidly developing hypersensitivity
triggred by
combination pof antigen to IgE present on the mast cell / basophil
in an individual who is pre-sensitized to that Atg

376

56
Q

clinical importance of HLA typing?

A

paternity test
for establishing HLA and disease association
anthropologic studies
HLA compatibility prior to transplantation

373

56
Q

Type-3 hypersensitivity example <

A

SLE
AGN
Polyarteritis nodosa
RA
Serum sickness
arthus reaction

56
Q

example of atopic disorder ?

A

allergic rhinits
bronchial asthma
urticaria
eczema
angioedema

57
Q

Type-2 hypersensitivity example ?

A

hemolytic anemia
autoimmune hemolytic anemia
thrombocytopenia
agranulocytosis
transfuison reactions

388

57
Q

type-1 hypersensitivity example ?

A

asthma
rhinitis-conjuntivitis -hay fever
eczema-urticaria

anaphylaxis
allergic gastroenteropathy

375

57
Q

other name of Type4 H ?

A

delayed / cell mediated

57
Q

M/A of type-1 hypersensitivity >?

58
Q

mediators of type-1 H ?

A

HISTAMINE
neutral protease
several acid hydrolase
heparin \
chondroitin sulfate
leukotrians
prostaglandin TNF
IL-1 + 4

378

59
Q

cells of type-1 H ?

A

macrophae
th2
B cell
plasma cell
mast cell
basophil

60
Q

atopy defination ?

A

genetic predispositon toward the development of immediate hypersensitivity reactions against ccommon enviremoental antigen

61
Q

types of graft ?

A

auto
synergic
allo
xeno

392

62
Q

graft rejection defination ??

393

A

transplantation of tissues
from one individual to a genetically non-identical recipient leads to a
specific immune response
that can destroy the grafft

63
Q

CD8+ T cell-mediated cytotoxicity by whom ?

A

perforins
granzymes

64
Q

Graft defiantion >

A

G are the living tissue/ organs
which are transplanted to replace
the diseased/dead tissue of the body

392

65
Q

why grafts are rejected <

A

recipients immune system recognize the graft as non-self

Humoral + CMI

65
Q

M/A of graft rejection ?

65
Q

GVH reaction defination ><

A

GVH occurs in any situation
in which
immunologiccaly competent cells/their precursors are transplanted into immunological crippled recipient
and the transfered cells recognize alloantigens in the host

66
Q

classification of grat rejection >

A

hyperacute
acute
chronic

66
Q

white graft which one >

A

hyperacute

394

67
Q

Mechanism of GVH ?

68
Q

methods to reduce the immunogenecity of allografts / test done to check tissue compatibilit ?

A

ABO bllod typing
tissue typing
cross matching

68
Q

conditions of GVH <

A

graft must be contain-immunocopetent cell
host - immunoccompromise d
recipent must express antigen foriegn to the odnot

69
Q

drugs used for immunosuppression ?

A

cycloserine
rapamycin
corticosteroids
Anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody
Anti-IL2 receptor antibody
Anti CD40 ligand

397

70
Q

M/A of tolerance ?

71
Q

after administration of single exposure of Ag what ?

A

serum sickness
Type-3

72
Q

after administration of multiple exposure of atg >

A

arthus reaction

Microbiology -Medical-Prof (49 decks)

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