mr teesle-paper 1 Flashcards
characteristics of popular recreation
natural resoureces-lack of technology
occasional-not much free time, worked long hours on countryside
transport limited-games were local
basic rules-lack of edeuction
agressive-showed harsh socity
male dominated
NOT BAD
characteristics of pre-industrical britain
pre 1780
fuedal system
illiterate
transport limited
FIT
what is sport example played in pre-industrial Britain
mob football
facts about mob football
played in pre-industrial britain
localised in ashbourne
only played it on holy days e.g shrove tuesday
when was mob football banned and why
banned by local authorities
banned as violent nature, led to damage of property, involved gamberling, wagering , linked to alchol consumption and drunken bheaviour
DVD
damage to property
violent nature
drunken behaviour and alcjol consumption
real tennis
also played in pre-industrial Britain
played by upper class males of society
charctersitics of real tennis
exam tip: go aaginstNOTBAD
complex rules due to acces to edcuation
played by high moral code
lacked violence
played in civildes manner
expernisve, purpose built facilities
expensive equipment
non local as had ability to travel
development of rational recreation
suggests level of order, logic and structure and cotrolled began to be applied to sports designed by middel classes
wenlock olympic games
started of as olympic class-used to show moral, pshycal and intellectural improvements of lower class of wenlock
olympic class became known as the wenlock olympic society
founder was penny brookes
wanted to create events
first welock games was 1850
forerunner for olympic games
sports involved included cricket, running, hurdles
rules were written
drew athletes from all over the country
some fun events also=blinfolded wheelbarrow race
winner was given leafes on head and huge cereemony
what else did olympic society and penny brookes do to promotr sport
campaigned for physicl education to be put on school curriculum
promoted benefits of sport nationally
industrial revolution
where people moved from rural areas to urban areas for factory work
occured during first half of eitheeth century-negaitve effects
negative factors of industrial revolution on sport
hygiene and helath was poor
income was low
time was lacking
facilities lacking
overcrowding and lack of space
rights were lost
positive effects on physical activity from second half of industrial revolution
improved health-public baths installed, helped stop spread of diseases, people had more energy to participate in sport
income and time-due to factory acts (half day saturdays and half day wednedays)
patroage/facilities/business
better trasnport
what did the development of the new middle class do
took advanatge of new business opportunities
changed ways of behaving and playing sport
sport played more at high moral code
developed leagues and cometitons
provided facilties/public
gave people more time of work (broken time payments)
what was values of athleticism
spread to the lower class
alwasy trying hard and working to best of your ability but playing in the spirit of fair play
society
industrial revolution
key period in history
people were moving from rural areas to town and cities to work in factories
what happened during first half of nineteeth industrial revolution
hygine was poor
Income was poor
Time was poor
Facilty provision was lacking
Overcrowding
Rights were lost
what happened during second half of industrial revoultion
hygiene imporved-public baths being installed to improved cleanisness and stopped spread of disease, people then had more energy to participate in sport
incomes improved and time-due to factory acts e.g sunday half days and wednesday half days, decrease in workign hours meaning had more time to partcipate in sport
facilities improved-new middle class provided public parks, gve more time off wrok broken time payments
played sport with high moral code
srteict rules
leagues and competitions
transport-people could go and play sport e.g railways
better communications e.g newscpapers
became cheaoer to travel
urbanisation
large numbers of people migrating from rural areas into towns and cities, seeking regular work in factories
what took place during urbansation
mob agmes were banned as scoiety became more civilised
new froms of mass entertainment emerged
transport revolution
Teams and specatators could travel-development of travel meant faster and further sitances could be travleld, nationwide fixtures developed on a daily basis
access to different counteries-helped sport develop from local to regional to national, leagues forming, improved clubs
Cheaper train travel-led to working classes being able to support their teams
communciations
education imporved for working class during second half of nineteeth century
led to improvements in reading and writing abilities
newspapers improved as people became more literate
increased awareness in sport to people
increased knowldge of rsults of matches of games they supported
increased enjoyment watching sports
what were the reasons that the church promoted sport
encouraged social control (improved beheviour)
civilsed activities to drive people away from less socially accpetable activities e.g gambilign and drinking
sport was viewed as good way to promote chistian values
clergy viewed sport as good way to increase church attendance
improvement and active involvement of clergy encouraged working classto particpate in rationalisedd sports e.g association football
organised teams, set up clubs and organised competitions
provided facilities to play sport in church halls and on their playing fields
emergence of the middle class
emerged as result of urbanisation
and industrilastion
many were self madeindicualds who had empahty and concerns for the working class
wenlock games
started of as the olympic class to promoto moral imparemtns to lower class in wenlock
DR william Penny brooks created first wenlock olympic games
involved getting teasm from countreris togetehr
pffcal
first forerunner of the olympic games
athlets and tradiational sports
also some fun events e.g blimdfold wheelbarror race
olympic wenlock society and William brooks also campaigned for phsycial education to be in the school currciulum to psread love for sport nationally
industrial revolution
where people moved from living in rural areas to urban areas
due to need to work in factories
negative impact on first nineteeth century
Hygiene was lacking
Incomes lacking
Trasnport lacking
Free time and space lacking
Oovercorwiding lacking
Rights were lost
second part of the ninetheeth centruy industrail revolution
Improved hygiene-public baths installed
Improved incomes/wages broken time payments introdcued
broke time payments introduced by the middel class
half day satrudays and wednadys to allow more free time
Patronage/factories improved
Better transport
trasnport became chepaer
communications were improved which allowed for
urbansiation
large number of people migrating from rural areas to urban areas for wrok
influnce of sport from the church
wanted more civiled behavioru in society
wanted to pave people away from things such as gambling, drinking etc
saw sport as way to do this
sport was viewed as good way of prooting christian values
clergy saw sport as good way to increase church attendance
active involment of clergy gave people encoruagemnt to take part in sport
church rganised team set up clubs set up competitions
provided faciltieis in halls and playing fields
development of rational recreation
society became more industrally based
level or order and structure for lower classes was applied to sports
designed by middle classes
wenlock games
Olympic class formed
set up to promote moral improvements
especially in lower class people of wenlock
outdorr recreation challenges with prizes to promot [articaipation
olympic class then became know as wenlock olympian society
penny brooks
penny brooks driving force behind wenlock games
mixture of athletics and country sports e.g cricket
written rules
got athelets from all over country
fun events e.g blindfold wheelbarrow race
who campaigned for pshycial education to be on school curriculum
wenlock olympic society
dr william penny brooks
promtoed benefit of sport and exercise ntioanlly
industrial revolution
movement from rual to urban areas for factory work
charctersictis of industrial revolution in the first nineteeth centruey
negative effects on sport
Hygeine lacked-factories
Incomes lacked
Trasnport limitied
Facility provision lacking
Overcrowding and lack of space
Right were lost
IF STUCK REMEMBER HIT
hygienem incomes, transport lacking
charcatersrics of second half of nineteeth century
Incomes improved-factory acts and saturday half days (reduction in working hours)
Improved health-public baths installed to redcue diseases/ade people more fit to play sport
Patronage/business improved-factory teams were set up, sproting faciltiies were provided
Better transport-development of trains and roads allowed spectators and players to travel
leagues were established
fixtures could be placed on newspapers
transport ebcoem cheaper so less of a divdiion, lower class could aslo watch
became more accessible to go watch sport
urbanisation
people migrating from rural areas to ubran areas to seek regualr work in factories
charcterrsitics of urbanisation that contributed to development of sport
space was lacking-in cities no space, led to devolvement of purpose built faciltiies
large working popualtions-needed entertaining meaning increasein spectators
traditionsal sports were lost-mob footbal was band so needed noew sports to emerge
transport revolution
development of trains and railways
increased spectators
increased players
increased interest in sport
spectators could go watch there teams at home and away games
trains gradually became more affordbale so accessable to all
transport revolution that cotributed to developement of sport
movemnt of players/spectators-meant fixtures could be nationwide could lay locally and nationally
cheaper trian travel-more accessabke led to working class being able to go watch
communciations
education improved so people could read when fixtures were and travel
let to increassed role models as people could read match reports etc on fave player
influence of the church to promote sport
promtoed sport as saw it as a way to divert people away from less socially accpetbale behavioru e,g gambling
provided halls
sport viewed as way to promote christian values
clergy saw sport as good way to increase church attendance
clergys partciiapnat persudeed workign class to start taking part
orgainsed teams
set up clubs
organised competititons
provided faciltiies in church halls and playing fields
emergence of middle class
they were self made individuals who had some empathy and concern for the working class
emerged as a result of urbanisation and industraislation
what did the middle class do
took leadership of orgainsations such as NGBs
Proffesionalism-helped in development of early profesional sport e.g factory owners setting up factory teams and paying broken time payments in football
Leisure time increased-factory owners, gradually ave there workers more free time e.g staurday half days
Competition-developemnt of leagues from involvement in public schools, NGBS, factory teams, church teams
how did public school boys and unniversity boys spread sport
clergy-set up church teams
officers in british army-used sport with armed services
diplomats-travelled world and took sport with them
actory owners-set up teams and fgave workers time off to play cport nationally and internationally
form NGBS
C
B
D
development of NGBs (national governing bodies)
mid to late nineteeth centurey
NGBS began to spread in england
more teams and clubs were forming
sportt became more populare
national rules and codifications for sports were required
characteristics of rational recreation
repectful
purpose built facilites
referres ]/officials
amaterisum
playing sport for the fun of it
proffesionalism
playing sport for the finanical gain
what were the values of amateriusm
sport viewed as charcter building exercise
training was forwned upon as was seen as contru=ibtuing to professionalism
playing sport at a high moral code
key features of early twentieth cnetury amateurs
high status in sport
controllers of sport
top performers
highly moral-had lots of free time and palyed without financial gain just for love of it
key features of modern day amaterurs
low status (proffesionals now high status)
how has the ameaur code still continued in british sport
people are still expected to play with sportmaship, high morals
fair play is still awaarded
emergence of elite female footballers in sport
media coverage-BT sport provides media coverage of sports super league
role models-officals, perfomers anc coaches being female
equal opportunities-more sports genera;;y socially accpetiable
legally sex discrimantion act has been passed
leading to less sexual discrimintion
maddie rose eats
femalle officials
growth has been slow
FA put number at 850 and climbing
giving hope qnd optimmism for female officials
lawn tennis
used by middle classes who wanted to be like upper class but were excluded from playing real tennis
wingfiled
used laws as tennis courts
walls and hedges esured privacy from lower classes who were excluded from participating
how did lawn tennis help womens partcipantion on sport
aided participantion for women as could play in privacy of own garderns
could play the game but had to be fully covered
women could not sweat seen as unladylike
track and athletics
people migrating from rural to urban
athletic events became popular
large numbers of spectators
class divisons still evident
upper and middl class played for fun
lower class played to get money
amateru athletics club was formed by ex unniversity boys
did not allow working classes or people running to earn money to join
AAA opened up sport for everyone
proffesional becoem someone who ran for money as opposed to working class
women not able to run in races more then 800m as seen as too strenous
commercialsiation
bull
shit
maddie
BUSINESS, SPORT AND MEDIA
all mutually depednent-golden triangle
golden triangle
how business sport and media interlect
advanatges of media on sport itself
raises profile due to incresed exposure
provides increased level of funding for improved reosurces
attracts the best players in the world
dissadvnatges from media to sport itself
commercialisation tends to support more popular sports leaving lesser sports to lose out
iinfleunce of TV gas casued increased adverts and tv timings
lost some of sport traditions
adv of media on sports performer
performers gain max exposure to promote theri personal brand
dis of media on performers
encourages devaint behaviour due to pressure of successs
favours males over females
sponsorhip may be short term
adv of media on spectators
ofefrs wide range of sports avaliabke to watch
can watch it anywhere
dis of media on spectators
can affect view experinece due to inceased TV breaks and time outs
some tv channels may cost money to watch
