mr smith-chapter 1.4 Flashcards
joint
where 2 or more bones meet
what are the two types of synovial joints
ball and socket
hinge
where are ball and socket joints located
hip shoulder
where are hinge joints located
knee elbow and ankle
ball and socket joints
allow movement in every direction
hinge joints
allow movement in only one direction
articulating bones of ankle
TTF
tibia,talus and femur
articulating bones of knee
TF
femur, tibia
articulating bones of elbow
HRU
humerus, radius, ulna
articulating bones of hip
FP
femur, pelvis
articulating bones of shoulder
SH
scapula, humerus
what are the three planes and axis
STI-sagittal plane, transverse axis
FFS-frontal plane, sagittal axis
TLC-transverse plane, longitudinal axis
Sagittal plane and transverse axis-planes of movement
vertical plane
divides body into left and right
flexion and extension
frontal plane and sagittal axis
vertical plane
divides body into front and back
abduction and adduction
transverse plane and longitudinal axis
divides body into top and bottom
rotation, horizontal adduction, horizontal abduction
what are the axis of movements
transverse axis-side to side
sagittal-front to back
longitudinal-top to bottom
joint actions in STI
flexion
extension
dorsiflexion
plantarflexion
hyperextension
flexion
where there is a decrease in the angle at a joint
extension
increase in angle at joint
hip flexion
lifting leg up from standing position
hip extension
putting leg back down in standing position
hyper extension
leg moves past standing position e.g. kicking back
increases angle at joint even more
shoulder flexion
raising arms up
shoulder extension
lowering arms back down
abduction
movement of limbs away from midline of the body
adduction
movement of limbs towards midline of the body
horizontal adduction
movement of arms towards body but must be flexed
horizontal abduction
movement of arms away from body but must be flexed
agonists and antagonists
agonist-responsible for movement occurring
antagonist-one that works as opposition against agonist
what are the agonists and antagonists of an upward phase of bicep curl (flexion)
agonist-bicep
antagonist-tricep
what are the agonists and antagonists of a downward phase of bicep curl
agonist-tricep
antagonist-bicep
plantarflexion
increase in angle between foot and tibia
dorsiflexion
decrease in angle between foot and tibia
what are the agonists and antagonists when flexion occurs at knee
agonist-hamstrings
antagonist-quadriceps
agonist and antagonist
agonist-contracts
antagonist-relaxes
angonist and antagonist of dosiflexion
anagonist-gastronemius
agonist
hyper extension
increasing angle at a joint beyond 180 degrees
example of movemnt for hip flexion
moving leg upwards
hip extension
moving leg back down to standing postion
agonists and antagonists
agonist-one that contracts and shortens
antagonist-one that lengthens
shoulder flexion
raising arm forward
shoulder extension
putting arm back down
hyperextension
stretching arms behind you
what are the agonist and antagonist of elbow flexion
FLEXION
agonist-bicep
antagonist-tricep
agonist and antagonist of ankle plantar flexion
flexion
agonist-gastroneminus
antagonist-tiblias anterior
antagonist and agonist of knee flexion
agonist-hamstrings
antagonist-quadriceps
agonist and antagonist of hip flexion
agonist-hip flexors
antagonist-gluteals
agonist and antagonist of hip adduction
agonist-hip adductors
antagonist-tensor facia latae and gluetal minimums and maximus
agonist and antagonist of hip horzontal adduction
agonist-adductors
antagonist-tensor facia latae and gluetal maximus and minimus
antagonist and agonist of shoulder flexion
agonsit-anterior deltoid
antagonist-lattimmus dorsi
shoulder horizontal adduction
agonist-pectorals
antagonist-lattimus dorsi
shoulder adduction
agonist-posterior deltiod
antagonist-middle deltoid
isotonic contraction
msucle contracts to create movement
tonic meaning drunk meaning movement
what are the two types of isotonic contractions
concentric-when muscles shorten
e.g UPWARD PHASES
essentric-when muscle lengthens
acts as brake in helping to control
e.g ladning from a standing jump
e.d DOWNWARD PHASES OF BICEP CURL
isometric contraction
when muscle contracts but no moveemnt occurs
e.g crufix postion in gymnastics
