mr smith-repiratory system

Question 1

what happens to air

Answer 1

taken into body by nose
passes through pharynx
passes through larynx(voice box)
moves down trachea (windpipe)
into right and left bronchus
air moves through each bronchus
subdivide into secondary bronchi
get thinner and branch into bronchioles
lead into alveoli
(nearly lobbed the ball brilliantly again)

Question 2

what is the alveoli repsonsible for

Answer 2

exchange of gases between the lungs and blood
occurs through difsiusion

Question 3

what is diffusion

Answer 3

movement of air particles from high concentration to low concentration

Question 4

what is air

Answer 4

mixture of gases

Question 5

mechanics of breathing

Answer 5

air always move from any of high pressure to area of low pressure (diffusion)
greater the difference in pressure, faster the air will flow
to get air in (inspiration) pressure must be lower in lunges then atmosphere
to get air out (expiration) pressure must be higher in atmosphere then lungs

Question 6

msucles used during breathing at REST

Answer 6

inspiration -Diaphram, External intercostals
expiration-passive diaphram and external intercostals

Question 7

muscles sued for breathing during exercise

Answer 7

diaphragm
external intercostals
sternocleidomastoid
scaleses
pectoralis minor
internal intercostals
abdominals

Question 8

lung volumes

Answer 8

inspiration-taking air into the lungs
expiration-taking air out of the lungs

Question 9

tidal volume

Answer 9

volume of air inspired and expired per breath

Question 10

minute ventilation

Answer 10

volume of air inspired and expired per minute

Question 11

how do you calculate minute ventialtion

Answer 11

number of breaths times tidal volume

Question 12

inspiratory reserve volume

Answer 12

volume of air that can be forcibly inspired after a normal breath

Question 13

expiratory reserve volume

Answer 13

volume of air that can be forcibly expired after a normal breath

Question 14

residual volume

Answer 14

amount of air left in lungs after max expiration
always air left in lungs no matter how much air we breath out
because trachea, alveoli, bronchi and trachea are held open permanently by cartilage

Question 15

what are the lung volumes impact from exercise

Answer 15

tidal volume-increases
inspiratory reserve volume-decreases
expiratory researve volume-decreases (slightly)
residual volume-stays the same
minute ventilation-big increase

Question 16

what can we measure the volume of air breathed in and out with

Answer 16

spirometer

Question 17

how to place the lung volumes on a diagram

Answer 17

residual volume-placed below
expiratory researve volume-placed just above it
ispiratory reserve volume-placed above it
tidal volume-waves

Question 18

hpw does minute ventialtion change through exercise

Answer 18

higher the intensity, the more the perfomer will breathe as need to meet extra demand for oxygen

Question 19

what are gaseous exchange 2 functions

Answer 19

getting rid of carbon dioxide in blood
getting air into lungs so that it can diffuse into blood and be transported to cells in body

Question 20

what does smoking do

Answer 20

has huge effect on respiratory system
-irritation of trachea and bronchi
-reduces lung function
-increases breathlessness due to swelling and narrowing of lung airways -damages cells lining of trachea, bronchiles

Question 21

what is cilia

Answer 21

tiny hair like structures which sweet away fluids