Major arteries of the head & neck

Question 1

where does the head and neck receive majority of its blood supply through?

Answer 1

carotid and vertebral arteries

Question 2

where does the right common carotid artery arise?

Answer 2

from a bifurcation of the brachiocephalic trunk

right subclavian being other branch

Question 3

where does the bifurcation of the brachiocephalic trunk occur?

Answer 3

at level of right sternoclavicular joint

Question 4

what is the left common carotid a branch of?

Answer 4

direct branch of arch of aorta

Question 5

where does the left and right common carotid artery travel?

Answer 5

ascends up the neck, lateral to trachea and oesophagus

no branches in neck

Question 6

when does the carotid artery split? into what?

Answer 6

at the superior margin of thyroid cartilage (C4)
splits into external and internal carotid arteries
bifurcation in the carotid triangle

Question 7

what happens at the bifurcation of the carotid artery?

Answer 7

common carotid and INternal carotid are slightly dilated - carotid sinus - detect + regulate BP

Question 8

what does the external carotid artery supply?

Answer 8

areas of head + neck EXTERNAL to cranium

Question 9

where does external carotid artery arise and travel?

Answer 9

arise from common carotid artery, travels up neck

posterior to mandibular neck and anterior to lobule of ear

Question 10

where does external carotid artery end? what happens as it ends?

Answer 10

within the parotid gland, by dividing into superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery

Question 11

what happens to the external carotid artery before terminating?

Answer 11

gives off 6 branches

Question 12

what are the 6 branches of the external carotid artery before terminating?

Answer 12

superior thyroid artery
lingual artery
facial artery
ascending pharyngeal artery
occipital artery
posterior auricular artery

Question 13

what are the important arteries of the 6 branches of the external carotid artery?

Answer 13

facial
maxillary
superficial temporal arteries

Question 14

what does the maxillary artery supply?

Answer 14

deep structures of the face

Question 15

what do the facial and superficial temporal arteries supply broadly speaking?

Answer 15

superficial areas of the face

Question 16

what do the internal carotid arteries supply?

Answer 16

they do not supply any structures in the net

Question 17

where do the internal carotid arteries enter the cranial cavity?

Answer 17

via the carotid canal in the petrous part of the TEMPORAL bone

Question 18

within the cranial cavity, what do the internal carotid artery supply?

Answer 18

brain
eyes
forehead

Question 19

where do the right and left vertebral arteries arise from? (also in relation to which muscle?)

Answer 19

the subclavian arteries, medial to the anterior scalene muscle

Question 20

where do the vertebral arteries ascend? through what?

Answer 20

ascend up the posterior side of the neck, through holes in the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae - known as foramen transversrium (transverse foramen)

Question 21

where do vertebral arteries enter the cranial cavity? then?

Answer 21

through the foramen magnum and converge

Question 22

what do the vertebral arteries give rise to within the cranial cavity?

Answer 22

basilar arteries

Question 23

what do the basilar arteries supply?

Answer 23

the brain

Question 24

where do the vertebral arteries have branches?

Answer 24

only the brain

NO branches to neck or extra-cranial structures

Question 25

what is the neck supplied by?

Answer 25

arteries other than the carotids

Question 26

what do the right and left subclavian arteries give rise to?

Answer 26

thyrocervical trunk

Question 27

what arises from the thyrocervical trunk? supplying?

Answer 27

several arteries arise - which go onto supply the neck

Question 28

what is the first branch of the thyrocervical trunk?

Answer 28

inferior thyroid artery

Question 29

what does the inferior thyroid artery (thyrocervical trunk from subclavian) supply?

Answer 29

thyroid gland

Question 30

what arises from the inferior thyroid artery (thyrocervical trunk from R + L subclavian)?

Answer 30

ascending cervical artery

Question 31

where does the ascending cervical artery travel within the neck?

Answer 31

turns medially in the neck

Question 32

what does the ascending cervical artery supply?

Answer 32

posterior prevertebral muscles

Question 33

what is the 2nd branch of the thyrocervical trunk?

Answer 33

transverse cervical artery

1st was inferior thyroid artery

Question 34

what is the last branch of the thyrocervical trunk?

Answer 34

suprascapular artery

Question 35

what are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk?

Answer 35

3 branches from L + R subclavian arteries:
inferior thyroid artery –> ascending cervical artery
transverse cervical artery
suprascapular artery

Question 36

what does the suprascapular artery supply?

Answer 36

posterior shoulder area

Question 37

what does the transverse cervical artery supply? travel?

Answer 37

crosses the base of the carotid triangle

supplies trapezius + rhomboid muscles