Major arteries of the head & neck Flashcards
where does the head and neck receive majority of its blood supply through?
carotid and vertebral arteries
where does the right common carotid artery arise?
from a bifurcation of the brachiocephalic trunk
right subclavian being other branch
where does the bifurcation of the brachiocephalic trunk occur?
at level of right sternoclavicular joint
what is the left common carotid a branch of?
direct branch of arch of aorta
where does the left and right common carotid artery travel?
ascends up the neck, lateral to trachea and oesophagus
no branches in neck
when does the carotid artery split? into what?
at the superior margin of thyroid cartilage (C4)
splits into external and internal carotid arteries
bifurcation in the carotid triangle
what happens at the bifurcation of the carotid artery?
common carotid and INternal carotid are slightly dilated - carotid sinus - detect + regulate BP
what does the external carotid artery supply?
areas of head + neck EXTERNAL to cranium
where does external carotid artery arise and travel?
arise from common carotid artery, travels up neck
posterior to mandibular neck and anterior to lobule of ear
where does external carotid artery end? what happens as it ends?
within the parotid gland, by dividing into superficial temporal artery and maxillary artery
what happens to the external carotid artery before terminating?
gives off 6 branches
what are the 6 branches of the external carotid artery before terminating?
superior thyroid artery lingual artery facial artery ascending pharyngeal artery occipital artery posterior auricular artery
what are the important arteries of the 6 branches of the external carotid artery?
facial
maxillary
superficial temporal arteries
what does the maxillary artery supply?
deep structures of the face
what do the facial and superficial temporal arteries supply broadly speaking?
superficial areas of the face
what do the internal carotid arteries supply?
they do not supply any structures in the net
where do the internal carotid arteries enter the cranial cavity?
via the carotid canal in the petrous part of the TEMPORAL bone
within the cranial cavity, what do the internal carotid artery supply?
brain
eyes
forehead
where do the right and left vertebral arteries arise from? (also in relation to which muscle?)
the subclavian arteries, medial to the anterior scalene muscle
where do the vertebral arteries ascend? through what?
ascend up the posterior side of the neck, through holes in the transverse processes of the cervical vertebrae - known as foramen transversrium (transverse foramen)
where do vertebral arteries enter the cranial cavity? then?
through the foramen magnum and converge
what do the vertebral arteries give rise to within the cranial cavity?
basilar arteries
what do the basilar arteries supply?
the brain
where do the vertebral arteries have branches?
only the brain
NO branches to neck or extra-cranial structures
what is the neck supplied by?
arteries other than the carotids
what do the right and left subclavian arteries give rise to?
thyrocervical trunk
what arises from the thyrocervical trunk? supplying?
several arteries arise - which go onto supply the neck
what is the first branch of the thyrocervical trunk?
inferior thyroid artery
what does the inferior thyroid artery (thyrocervical trunk from subclavian) supply?
thyroid gland
what arises from the inferior thyroid artery (thyrocervical trunk from R + L subclavian)?
ascending cervical artery
where does the ascending cervical artery travel within the neck?
turns medially in the neck
what does the ascending cervical artery supply?
posterior prevertebral muscles
what is the 2nd branch of the thyrocervical trunk?
transverse cervical artery
1st was inferior thyroid artery
what is the last branch of the thyrocervical trunk?
suprascapular artery
what are the branches of the thyrocervical trunk?
3 branches from L + R subclavian arteries:
inferior thyroid artery –> ascending cervical artery
transverse cervical artery
suprascapular artery
what does the suprascapular artery supply?
posterior shoulder area
what does the transverse cervical artery supply? travel?
crosses the base of the carotid triangle
supplies trapezius + rhomboid muscles
