8. Nose, nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (DR)

Question 1

what is the function of the nose?

Answer 1

1. olfaction (smell)
2. upper part of respiratory tract
3. drains and eliminates

Question 2

as the nose is part of the upper part of respiratory tract, what function does it carry out?

Answer 2

filters and humidify inspired air

Question 3

what does the nose drain and eliminate?

Answer 3

paranasal sinuses and nasolacrimal duct secretions

Question 4

how can the nose be divided?

Answer 4

into external nose and nasal cavity

Question 5

what is contained within the external nose?

Answer 5

cartilaginous part

bony part

Question 6

what is contained within the nasal cavity?

Answer 6

medial wall
roof
lateral wall
floor

Question 7

what is the nasal cavity lined with?

Answer 7

mucous membrane (secretory mucus to trap dirt particles)

Question 8

how can the nasal cavity be divided?

Answer 8

into olfactory portion and respiratory portion

Question 9

nerve supply to the nasal cavity?

Answer 9

CN I (olfactory)
CN V (ophthalmic (V1) and maxillary (V2) division)

Question 10

what is the function of CN I (olfactory) in the innervation of the nasal cavity?

Answer 10

special sense of smell

Question 11

what is the function of CN V (ophthalmic and maxillary division) of the nasal cavity?

Answer 11

general sensation

V1 (respiratory), V2 (olfactory)

Question 12

how can V1 and V2 division of general sensation of the nose be divided?

Answer 12

by drawing an imaginary vertical tilted line up the nose from the nasal cavity opening

Question 13

what are the paranasal sinuses?

Answer 13

sphenoid
ethmoid
frontal 
nasal
(hollow, air-filled chambers in the bones around the nose)

Question 14

function of paranasal sinuses?

Answer 14

make the skull lighter

mucous from the sinuses drain into the nasal cavity

Question 15

what is the nasal cavity?

Answer 15

hollow space behind the nose that air flows through

Question 16

what does mucous membrane line?

Answer 16

thin tissue lining the nose, sinuses, and throat

Question 17

what is the function of the mucous membrane?

Answer 17

warms, moistens the air breathed in

also makes the sticky mucus that helps clean the air of dusts and other small particles

Question 18

what is the nasal septum?

Answer 18

medial wall of nasal cavity
‘wall’ of cartilage and bone
divides inside of nose into 2 chambers

Question 19

what are the turbinates of the nose?

Answer 19

either side of the nose

curved, bony ridges lined with mucous membrane

Question 20

what is the function of turbinates of the nose?

Answer 20

increase surface area

warm and moisten air breathed in

Question 21

why is maxillary sinus the most commonly affected sinus in sinusitis?

Answer 21

due to close anatomic relation with frontal sinus, anterior ethmoidal sinus and the maxillary teeth - easy spread of infection
drainage of orifice near roof of sinus - doesn’t drain well

Question 22

where does maxillary sinus drain into?

Answer 22

middle meatus of the nose