3.1 workbook: extra-cranial blood vessels: veins Flashcards
where do the veins draining the head and neck lie?
either superficial or deep to the investing layer of deep cervical fascia in the neck
are there distinct fascial layers in the face?
no
muscles attach between bone and skin
what drains the scalp, forehead and face?
a series of veins
which is a major vein draining most structures of the face?
facial vein
where does the facial vein travel?
runs with the facial artery from the medial angle of the eye towards the inferior border of the mandible
where does the facial vein drain into?
the internal jugular vein
where does the facial vein receive blood from?
the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins
what do the superior and inferior ophthalmic veins have direct connection with?
pterygoid venous plexus and with the caverous sinus
where is the cavernous sinus found?
lies intra-cranially and is part of the intra-cranial venous system
what does the connection between the superior and inferior opthalmic veins with the pterygoid venous plexus and caverous sinus mean? (clinical implications)
infections involving the face have a potential route to track to deeper intra-cranial structures
where can the formation of septic thrombi in the facial vein, secondary to infection pass into? leading to?
the cavernous sinus, leading to cavernous sinus thrombosis
particularly if septic thrombi occurs near angle of eye
what is another important anatomosis between the extra-cranial veins and intracranial veins?
between the veins of the scalp and the intra-cranial (dural) venous sinuses
which vein runs between the veins of the scalp and the intra-cranial venous sinuses?
emissary veins
through the skull, between the veins
what is the clinical relevance of emissary veins?
provide a potential route for infection of the scalp to spread into the cranial cavity
why is there significant communication between extra-cranial and intra-cranial veins?
because of numerous anastomotic points
