Lymphatic drainage of H&N Flashcards
what does the lymphatic system function as?
to drain tissue fluid, and other cellular debris back into the blood stream
also involved in immune defence
what is lymph?
once the collection of substances (tissue fluid + cellular debris) enters the lymphatic vessels
what happens to lymph within the lymphatic vessels?
subsequently filtered by lymph nodes and directed into the venous system
what is Waldeyer’s ring?
the collection of lymphatic tissue surrounding the superior larynx
how can the lymphatic vessels of the H+N be divided?
into 2 major groups:
superficial and deep vessels
what do the superficial vessels drain lymph from?
from the scalp, face and neck
where do the superficial vessels drain lymph into?
into the superficial ring of lymph nodes at the at the junction of H+N
where do deep lymphatic vessels arise from?
deep cervical lymph nodes
what do the deep cervical lymph nodes converge to form?
left + right jugular lymphatic trunks
where does the left jugular lymphatic trunk join?
joins the thoracic duct at the root of the neck
where does the right jugular lymphatic trunk empty into?
the right lymphatic duct at the root of the neck
how can the lymph nodes of the H+N be divided into?
2 groups:
superficial ring of lymph nodes
vertical group of deep lymph nodes
where do the superficial lymph nodes of the H+N receive lymph from?
the scalp, face and neck
how are the superficial lymph nodes of the H+N arranged?
in a ring shape
where do the superficial lymph nodes of the H+N extend from? to?
extending from underneath the chin, to the posterior aspect of the head
where do the superficial lymph nodes of the H+N ultimately drain?
into the deep lymph nodes
what are the superficial lymph nodes?
occipital mastoid pre-auricular parotid submental submandibular facial superficial cervical
how many occipital lymph nodes are there usually?
between 1-3
where are the occipital lymph nodes located?
in the back of the head at the lateral border of the trapezius muscle
where do occipital lymph nodes collect lymph from?
collect lymph from the occipital area of the scalp
how many mastoid lymph nodes are there
usually 2
what are the mastoid lymph nodes called?
post-auricular lymph nodes
where are the mastoid lymph nodes located?
posterior to the ear and lie on the insertion of the SCM in the mastoid process
where does the mastoid lymph nodes collect lymph from?
the posterior neck, upper ear and back of the external auditory meatus (ear canal)
how many pre-auricular lymph nodes are there?
usually bewteen 1-3
where are the pre-auricular lymph nodes?
anterior to the auricle of the ear
where do the pre-auricular lymph nodes collect lymph from?
from the superficial areas of the face and temporal region
where are the parotid lymph nodes?
a small group of nodes located superficially to the parotid gland
where do the parotid lymph nodes collect lymph from?
from the nose, nasal cavity, external acoustic meatus, tympanic cavity and lateral borders of the orbit
where else are parotid lymph nodes found?
deep to the parotid gland that drain the nasal cavities
where are the submental lymph nodes?
superficial to the mylohoid muscle
where do the submental lymph nodes collect lymph from?
the central lower lip
the floor of the mouth and apex of the tongue
how many submandibular lymph nodes are there?
usually bewteen 3-6
where are the submandibular lymph nodes located?
below the mandible in the submaxillary triangle
where do the submandibular lymph nodes collect lymph from?
cheeks, lateral aspects of nose, upper lip, lateral parts of lower lip, gums and the anterior tongue
where else do the submandibular lymph nodes receive lymph from?
submental and facial lymph nodes
what do the facial lymph nodes comprise of?
maxillary/infraorbital, buccinator and supramandibular lymph nodes
where do the facial lymph nodes collect lymph from?
the mucous membranes of the nose and cheek, eyelids and conjunctiva
how can the superficial cervical lymph nodes be divided?
into the superficial anterior cervical nodes and the posterior lateral superficial cervical lymph nodes
where do the anterior nodes of superficial cervical lymph nodes lie?
close to the anterior jugular vein
where do the anterior nodes of the superficial cervical lymph nodes collect lymph from?
collect lymph from the superficial surfaces of the anterior neck
where do the posterior lateral nodes of the superficial cervical lymph nodes lie?
close to the external jugular vein
where do the posterior lateral nodes of the superficial cervical lymph nodes collect lymph from?
collect lymph from superficial surfaces of the neck
