Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 5B > Lecture 9 > Flashcards

Lecture 9 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What are the 2 main groups of Angiosperms?

A

Monocots (one cotyledon) and Eudicots (two cotyledon)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are some characteristics common amongst Monocots?

A

One Cotyledon-veins are usually parallel- Vascular tissue is scattered- Root system is usually fibrous- Pollen grain with only 1 opening- Floral organs usually in multiples of three.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are some common characteristics amongst eudicots?

A

Two cotyledons- Veins are usually netlike- Vascular Tissue is arranged in a ring- Taproot usually present- Pollen grain with three openings- Floral organs usually in multiples of four or five.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Are eudicots or Monocots the majority of the population of angiosperms?

A

Eudicots.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are some examples of Monocots?

A

Lillies-Orchids-Yuccas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are some examples of Eudicots?

A

Legumes (peas), oaks, maples, roses. ROLM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Define Meristems

A

Perpetually embryonic tissue that allow for indeterminate growth (a few plants exhibit determinate growth- rare)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Where is the Apical Meristems located?

A

Located at the tips of roots and shoots and at the axillary buds of shoots.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Define Primary Growth

A

Apical meristems elongating the shoots and roots.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the function of the Lateral Meristems?

A

Adding thickness to woody plants, a process called secondary growth.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Define Secondary Growth

A

Lateral meristems adding thickness to woody plants.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the types of lateral meristems?

A

The vascular cambium and the cork cambium.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the function of the vascular cambium?

A

It adds layers of vascular tissues called secondary xylem and secondary phloem.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the cork cambium?

A

(In stems/trunks) replaces the epidermis with PERIDERM, which is thicker and tougher.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the root tip covered by and what is the function of that thing?

A

It is covered by a root cap which protects the apical meristems as the root pushes through the soil.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where does primary growth happen in detail?

A

Growth occurs just behind the root tip, in three zones of cells: Zones of Cell Division, Elongation, and Maturation. DEM

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the primary meristems consisted of?

A

Protoderm-Ground Meristem-Procambium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Define Stele

A

The vascular system of a root or a stem.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

In angiosperms, what is the stele of the root organized into?

A

A vascular cylinder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the primary growth of roots produce?

A

The epidermis, ground tissue, and vascular tissue. EGV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Where does the ground tissue fill upon primary growth?

A

The cortex, the region between the vascular cylinder and the epidermis.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Define Cortex

A

The region between the vascular cylinder and the epidermis.

23
Q

Define Endodermis

A

The innermost layer of the cortex.

24
Q

Where do lateral roots arise from?

A

The pericycle, the outermost cell layer in the vascular cylinder.

25
Q

Define Pericycle

A

The outermost cell layer in the vascular cylinder.

26
Q

Define Shoot Apical Meristems

A

A dome-shaped mass of dividing cells at the shoot tip.

27
Q

Where do leaves develop from?

A

Leaf primordia along the sides of the apical meristems.

28
Q

Where do axillary buds develop from?

A

The meristematic cells left at the bases of leaf primordia.

29
Q

Where do the lateral shoots develop from?

A

Axillary buds on the stem’s surface.

30
Q

What is the function of the epidermis?

A

It reduces water loss.

31
Q

What does the presence of Stomata do?

A

Allows CO2 exchange between the air and the photosynthetic cells in a leaf.

32
Q

Stomata pores flanked by two _____; what is the function of the blank?

A

Guard cells; regulate opening and closing.

33
Q

Define Mesophyll

A

The ground tissue in a leaf.

34
Q

Where is the Spongy Mesophyll located?

A

Below the palisade mesophyll in the upper part of the leaf.

35
Q

What happens in the spongy mesophyll?

A

Gas exchange

36
Q

How is the vascular tissue of each leaf organized with respect to the vascular tissue of the stem?

A

The vascular tissue of each leaf is continuous with the vascular tissue of the stem- moves sugars to the rest of the plant and receives water and nutrients.

37
Q

What are veins in plants?

A

They are the leaf’s vascular bundles and function as the leaf’s skeleton.

38
Q

What does secondary growth do in woody plants?

A

Adds girth to stems and roots.

39
Q

What does the secondary plant body consist of?

A

Tissues produced by the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.

40
Q

What is secondary growth characteristic of?

A

Gymnosperms and many Eudicots; BUT NO MONOCOTS.

41
Q

What is Indeterminate Growth?

A

These shoots, in theory, can keep growing. The limiting factor would be the lack of resources.

42
Q

What should you think about when you see the word “periderm”?

A

It ultimately end up as BARK.

43
Q

How are the vascular tissues arranged?

A

Xylem tends to be facing inwards and phloem tends to be facing outwards.

44
Q

What happens to the undifferentiated cells located in the root apical meristem?

A

They are waiting to become dermal, vascular, or ground tissues.

45
Q

What is the function of the cortex?

A

It forms a loose pathway for water and minerals to reach the vascular cylinder.

46
Q

Possession of a core of parenchyma cells is typical of which group of plants?

A

It is typical of monocots.

47
Q

What essentially is a protoderm?

A

It is a developing epidermis.

48
Q

What is the Mesophyll consisted of?

A

It is consisted of parenchyma cells.

49
Q

What is the function of the Cuticle?

A

To slow the loss of water.

50
Q

Where are most stomata located?

A

Under the leaf.

51
Q

What is the function of the Palisade Mesophyll?

A

Light harvesting.

52
Q

How does the Cork Cambium grow?

A

It grows only towards the outside.

53
Q

How do Secondary xylem and phloem act with respect to the primary xylem and phloem?

A

The secondary structures take over the primary ones over the course of time.

54
Q

What type of tissue makes up most of the wood of an old tree?

A

Secondary xylem; the primary xylem is going to be replaced by the secondary xylem.

Bio 5B (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions