Lecture 13 Flashcards
How do carnivorous plants obtain mineral resources?
By drowning and digesting prey.
Where are carnivorous plants most commonly located?
Low nutrient soils of bogs or particular soil types.
What are the horizons of soil?
A, B, and C.
What is contained in the A Horizon?
Decaying organic matter; broken down rock; microbial organisms.
What is contained in the B horizon?
Less weathered material
What is contained in the C horizon?
The “parent material”
How do roots acidify soil solution?
With CO2 and hydrogen ions.
What do the H+ ions do in soil?
Neutralize soil solution and cause cation exchange.
What do the roots do with the cations?
They absorb them.
What is topsoil consisted of? What is the definition of that thing?
Humus, organic matter that is composed of decaying plant matter and feces of decomposing organisms.
Does topsoil have a lot of bacteria?
Yes, a teaspoon of topsoil has 5 million bacteria.
What does decaying organic matter have a strong impact on?
Soil nutrient availability-Water holding capacity-Soil Structure SWS
How many elements are found in plants?
Over 50
What are some of the macronutrients plants need?
C,H,O,N,S,P
What are some of the micronutrients plants need?
Cu, Ni, Mo
How were the essential elements needed by plants determined?
Through hydroponic techniques.
Does plant nutrition involve relationships with other organisms?
Yes
What are some of the organisms that plants work with to get their nutrients?
Nitrogen Fixers-Mycorrhizal Fungi
How do Nitrogen Fixers aid in the nutrition of plants?
They convert atmospheric nitrogen gas to a usable form for plants (ammonia)
Do Nitrogen Fixers or Mycorrhizal Fungi form structures in the roots of certain plants (some of them)?
Nitrogen Fixers
How do Mycorrhizal Fungi aid in plant nutrition?
They form hyphae extensions that increase the area of soil mined by the plant roots; receive carbon from plants.
_____ forms nodules in some plants.
Rhizobium
What are the steps needed for the development of the Soybean Root Nodule?
1) Chemical signals attract bacteria and an infection thread forms
2) Bacteria divide in the root cortex, forming bacteroids.
3) Growth continues and a root nodule forms (root hair is removed)
4) The nodule develops vascular tissue.
5) The mature nodule grows to be many times the diameter of the root.
What are the two main types of Mycorrhizae?
Ectomycorrhizae and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae
