Lecture 17 Flashcards
What does it mean for animal form to be tied with their function?
A way that the body of an animal is organized is done so to aid them with their functions.
What phenomena leads do alterations of forms in animals?
Natural Selection
What causes phenotypes to converge?
Similar environments cause phenotypes to converge.
Generally speaking, is becoming bigger more ideal for animals?
No; when they get bigger, their surface area and volume increase, causing more inherent difficulties for gas exchange.
Does volume increase faster or does surface area?
Volume
How must the cells be positioned in order to allow for the exchange of gases?
They must be positioned near the surface for gas/solute exchange.
What are the options for animals that are intending to get bigger?
They can stay flat or bring the outside in (bringing the outside in entailing that they develop a circulatory and respiratory system to allow for the exchange of gases)
In bigger animals, what allows for an increase in surface area?
Folds and Loops
What are the “folds and loops” in animals leading to an increase in surface area?
Nephron-Bronchi-Villi
What is the function of the Nephron?
FILTRATION of gases
What is the function of the Bronchi?
To allow for gas exchange to occur.
Define Villi
Epithelial cells located inside of the intestines that allow for the absorption of gases.
True or False: You need to be big to have a complex organ system.
False
Define Epithelial Tissues
Sheets of Cells
What is the function of the Epithelium?
It lines other tissues and organs and works as a barrier between the outside and the inside.
What are the different types of epithelial Tissues?
Stratified Squamous- Simple Squamous- Simple Columnar-Pseudostratified Columnar-Cuboidal
What does stratified mean?
Layered
Define Squamous
Flat, amorphous, skinny cells with no specific shape.
What is the function of the Muscle Tissue?
To allow for movement.
What are the different types of Muscle Tissues?
Smooth, Skeletal, and Cardiac. SSC
What are some important things to note about the Smooth Muscle Tissue?
It is found in the stomach and allows for movement that isn’t coordinated.
What is something important to note about Skeletal Muscle Tissue?
It allows for the coordinated movement.
What is the function of the Nervous Tissue?
To process information and coordinate time-sensitive functions.
What are the different parts of the neuron?
Axon-Dendrite-Soma
