Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Bio 5B > Lecture 21 > Flashcards

Lecture 21 Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Define Gas Exchange

A

The intake of oxygen and the release of carbon dioxide.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

In terms of concentration gradients, how do gases diffuse?

A

They diffuse DOWN their concentration gradient, meaning that they go from high concentration to low concentration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Define Partial Pressure

A

The part oof the atmospheric pressure caused by one gas.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Compared to one another, does water hold more oxygen or air?

A

Air

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Define Respiratory Surfaces

A

The sites where gas exchange take place.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Movement of gases occurs by _____.

A

Diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

When is diffusion fastest (in terms of thickness)?

A

Over a thin, wised surface.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the different types of exchange surfaces?

A

Epidermis-Trachea-Gills-Lungs. LET-G

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the modes of ventilation?

A

Bucal Pump-Tidal Respiration-Flow Through Respiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What condition must be present in the exchange surfaces for gasses to dissolve?

A

Surfaces must be moist.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What does the earthworm lack?

A

A respiratory system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Define Trachea

A

System of tubes and sacs that distribute air throughout the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What group is the trachea unique to?

A

Arthropoda.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What do tracheal systems not need?

A

They don’t need to be linked with the circulatory system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

In organisms with a trachea, how does the air enter?

A

It enters from a hole that is present on the side of their body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are some characteristics of gills?

A

LARGE, highly vascularized area where the water moves over.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the function of the Operculum?

A

It allows for water to flow over the gills.

18
Q

Define Ventilation

A

The movement of the respiratory medium over the respiratory surface.

19
Q

What mode of exchange is used by the gills to extract oxygen?

A

Countercurrent Exchange

20
Q

How is oxygen delivered to the fish with gills?

A

The fish sucks in water, letting the water flow over the gills; the oxygen from the water diffuses over the blood vessels.

21
Q

What type of structure are the lungs?

A

An internal respiratory structure.

22
Q

What happens in the arteries next to the alveoli?

A

They gain oxygen; additionally, they are covered in capillaries.

23
Q

What happens in the bucal pump mode of ventilation?

A

The air is forced over the gills and the lungs via positive pressure.

24
Q

What are the two main steps in bucal ventilation?

A

Inspiration and Expiration.

25
Q

What are the steps in Inspiration?

A

1) the nostril opens and the bucal activity expands.
2) the nostrils close, the bucal cavity contracts, and the lungs expand.

26
Q

What are the steps in Expiration?

A

3) the bucal cavity expands and the lungs contract
4) the nostrils open and the bucal cavity contracts.

27
Q

How can the movement of air in tidal respiration be described?

A

The air comes in, sits in the lungs, and comes out; there’s always a certain amount of oxygen that is left over in the lungs.

28
Q

What happens to the diaphragm with inhalation?

A

The diaphragm contracts (moves down)

29
Q

What happens to the diaphragm with exhalation?

A

The diaphragm relaxes, (moves up).

30
Q

How do muscle contractions draw in oxygen?

A

They do so with negative pressure.

31
Q

What are the two main structures involved in flow-through respiration?

A

The anterior air sac and the posterior air sac.

32
Q

With flow through respiration, how must oxygen pass?

A

It must pass over the lungs only once.

33
Q

What are the steps involved in flow-through respiration?

A

Inhale-Posterior Air Sac-Exhale-Lungs-Inhale-Anterior Air Sac-Exhale

34
Q

How many directions does air travel in flow-through respiration?

A

One.

35
Q

What allows for gases to diffuse into and out of the circulatory system?

A

Partial Pressure Gradients

36
Q

How does the air flow with respect to humans?

A

Inhaled Air-Goes Into the Alveolar Spaces- Goes to the Pulmonary Veins and Arteries-Exchange Happens at the Capillaries-Blood Goes Back to Alveoli-Air is Exhaled

37
Q

Define Respiratory Pigments

A

They reversible bind oxygen.

38
Q

Where is hemoglobin found?

A

In vertebrates

39
Q

Where is Hemocyanin found?

A

Found in arthropods and molluscs.

40
Q

The blood of what organism is used in the medical industry?

A

The hotshot crab.

Bio 5B (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions