Lecture 16 Flashcards
What sort of important transition do amniotic signify?
The transition from water-dwelling to land dwelling.
What feature present in the vertebrates allows for a fully terrestrial life?
Amniotic Eggs
What are the components of the amniotic egg?
Chorion (waste)- Yolk Sac- Amnion (shock absorber)- Allantois CYAA
What is the chorion?
Waste inside of the amniotic egg.
What does the Allantois allow for?
Gas exchange
What is the significance of the Amnion?
It absorbs the “shock” that might be placed on the amniotic egg.
Define Temporal Fenestrae
It is a “window” located on the temporal lobe of the skull.
On what basis are amniotes classified?
They are classified based on the number of temporal fenestrae they have; they are divided into diapsids and synapsids.
What are the groups included within the Diapsids?
Testudines-Lepidosauria- Archosauria
What are examples of Testudines?
Turtles and Tortoises.
What are the top and bottom part of tetudines called respectively?
The carapace for the top and the plastron for the bottom.
What main thing are Testudines adapted for?
They are adapted for defense.
What are the groups included in the Lepidosauria?
Tuataras and Squamata
What are examples of Squamata?
Lizards and Snakes
What are some key defining characteristics of Lepidosauria?
They have overlapping scales and a sprawling gait.
Define Sprawling Gait
Walking that involves swinging of the arms from side to side.
What are some examples of Archosauria?
Crocodiles and Birds
What are some defining characteristics of Archosauria?
They have deep teeth sockets and an uprighted gait.
Define Upright Gait
Their arms and legs are oriented beneath them.
Besides deep teeth sockets and an upright gait, what are some other things common amongst the Archosauria?
They exhibit parental care, sociality, and complex behaviors.
What are some key characteristics of the birds? (Located in Archosauria)
They have asymmetrical feathers, no teeth, flow-through respiration, and light weight skeletons.
What is flow through respiration?
There are air sacs located in the bones of the birds, which allows for respiration to occur.
What are some key characteristics of mammals?
Heterodonty, lactation, and fur.
Where did the sweat glands in the Mammalia develop from?
Mammary Glands.
