Lecture 7. Joints part 2 Flashcards
What is the glenoid labrium?
It is a fibrocartilage ring attached to articular surfaces to increase their congruency
What are the ligaments supporting the glenoid-humoral joints/ adding stability
glenohumeral ligament
coracohumeral ligament
What ligaments are close to the glenoid-humoral joint but does not stabilize it ?
coracoclavicular ligaments
coraco-acromial ligament
acromioclavicular ligament
What is the function of the subdeltoid bursa?
bursae are small sacks of connective tissue separating the moving structures around the joints. the bursae are lined by a synovial membrane and filled with synovial fluid
What are thicken parts of the articular capsule called?
intrinsic ligament - indicates that the ligament is part of teh capsule you cannot see the ligament separate from the capsule.
What are the intrinsic ligaments in the glenohemerous region called
glenohumeral ligament
What are the extrinsic ligaments in the glenohemerous region called
coracohumeral ligament – you see this ligament separate from the articular capsule
What are intrinsic ligaments
ligaments that cannot be separated from the articular capsule
What are extrinsic ligaments
ligaments that can be separated from the articular capsule.
Describe the joint at the elbow
- can perform flexion and extension
- uniaxial
- hinge synovial joint
What are the ligaments present at the elbow
- ulnar collateral ligament
- annular ligament
- radial/lateral collateral ligament
What is the function of the ulnar collateral ligaments
provides stability at the medial side of the elbow
What is the function/description of the annular ligament.
it is an almost complete circle holding the head of the radius close to the ulna. It stabilizes the proximal radioulnar joint.
Describe the radial/lateral collateral ligament
it blends with the annular ligament - radial collateral ligament stabilizes the lateral end – it is not very well developed before 10 years of age
What kind of joint is the ulnar collateral ligament
pivot, monoaxial synovial joint
What are the 2 main components of the wrist
- radio-carpal joint ( a condyloid joint - biaxial synovial joint)
- midcarpal joint
What is the joint formed between the distal end of the radius and the ulnar
distal radio-ulnar joint
What kind of joint is the distal radio-ulnar joint
synovial pivot joint
What separates the distal radio-ulnar joint from the radio-carpal joint
a articular disc ( which is fibrocartilaginous)
Does the ulnar have a direct articulation with the carpals
NO! They are separated by the articular disc
Where is the mid-carpal joint
It is the joint between the proximal and distal carpal bones
What are the intercarpal joints
They are the joints between the individual carpal bones ( either distal-distal or proximal-proximal)
Where are the carpo-metacarpal joints
located between the carpals and the metacarpals
What kind of joint is the radio-carpal joint?
condylar joint ( synovial biaxial joint)
What kind of joint is the mid-carpal joint?
synoivial planar joints
What kind of joint is the inter-carpal joint?
synovial planar joints
What type of ligaments are present at the wrist (intrinsic/extrinsic)
all intrinsic ligaments
Name all the types of ligaments at the wrist
- intercarpal ligaments ( can be prox-proxi , proxi-distal, distal-distal connections)
- carpometacarpal ligaments
- interosseous metacarpal ligaments
- ulnar collateral ligaments
- radial collateral ligaments
What are the ligaments that can be found at the hip area ( anterior view)
- pubofemoral ligament (pubic to femur)
2. iliofemoral ligament (iliac to femur)
What joint is found at the pelvic girdle (by the hip)
synovial multiaxial ball and socket
What are the ligaments that can be found at the hip area ( posterior view)
- iliofemoral ligament ( also seen in anterior view)
2. ischiofemoral ligament
Classify the following ligaments as intrinsic or extrinsic:
- pubofemoral ligament
- iliofemoral ligament
- ischiofemoral ligament
all intrinsics
Why does abduction of the femur result in more stability in the joint
stretched ligament brings articular surfaces closer together , brings more stability
What movements make the hip-femoral joint unstable
- adduction
- medial rotation
- flexion
What is the acetebulum surrounded with
- acetabular labrum: adds to depth
2. transverse acteabular ligament: covers the notch at inferior part of the acetabulum
What does the ligament of the femoral head ( AKA round ligament ) associated with
It associates with the head of femur and the head. It is a extrinsic ligament
What is the function of the round ligament ( AKA the ligament of the femoral head)
carries an artery that supplies blood to the head of the filament
What are the ligaments found at the joint between the femur and the tibia
- posterior cruciate ligament
2. anterior cruciate ligament
What is the function of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament respectively
provides anterior and posterior stability at the knee joints - prevent excess movement in the anterior and posterior direction
Describe the posterior cruciate ligament
PAIn
P: posterior cruciate ligament
A: moves anteriorly ( direction of the ligament)
In: internal condyle ( means the medial condyle)
Describe the anterior cruciate ligament
APEx
A: anterior cruciate ligament
P: moves posterior
Ex: external condyle ( so lateral end )
What is the function of the meniscus
incomplete fibrocartilage rings attached to the articular surfaces to increase their congruency
What are the 2 meniscus that are present at the tibia and knee joint
- lateral meniscus
2. medial meniscus
What are the 2 ligaments by the knee-joints that provide side to side stability
- tibial collateral ligament
2. fibular collateral ligament
What are the ligaments found by the ankle
- medial (deltoid) ligament
2. lateral ligament
