Lecture 32. Endocrine system Flashcards
Where is the pineal gland?
sits on the posterior wall of the 3rd ventricle
What is the function of the pineal body/gland
- produces melatonin
- it adjusts the circadian rhythm
- controls the skin color/tone through melanocytes
What happens to the pineal gland when a person ages
it becomes calcified
What composes the hypothalamus
a bunch of nuclei, in particular the SON and PVN
What does the hypothalamus control
controls the sense of hunger, thirst and emotions
Where is the anatomical location of the hypothalamus
diencephalon
Where is the pituitary gland located
in the sella turcica, in the hypophyseal fossa of the sphenoid bone in the middle cranial fossa
What attaches the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus
infundibulum ( attaches the posterior pituitary to the hypothalamus- NOT the anterior pituitary)
How many lobes does the pituitary gland have
- anterior lobe (adenohypophysis)
2. posterior (neurohypophysis)
What are the components of the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
- pars tuberalis- wraps around the infundibulum
- pars distalis
- pars intermedia ( unknown function)
which part of the pituitary gland is attached to the hypothalamus
posterior part
What is the origin of the pituitary gland
anterior lobe ( adenohypophysis): epithelium of the oral cavity posterior lobe ( neurohypophysis): neural tissue
what forms the infundibulum
nerve bundle that is made up of axons of the SON
What is the function of PVN (paraventricular nucleus)
It releases Releasing Hormones (RH) and Inhibiting Hormones (IH) and it produces 2 groups of hormones and
What is the function of SON (supraoptic nucleus)
produces oxytoxin and ADH
