Lecture 30. Urinary System + Male Reproductive system Flashcards
What are the 4 parts of the urethra
- preprostatic urethra
- prostatic urethra
- membranous urethra
- spongy urethra
What is the preprostatic urethra
it starts from the internal urethral orifice and passes through the neck of the bladder
only in males it is covered by the internal urethral sphincter
Describe the prostatic urethra
passes through the prostate gland
widest part of the urethra
the prostatic and ejaculatory ducts open to this part of the urethra
Describe the membranous urethra
Narrowest and shortest part of the urethra
Describe the spongy (penile urethra)
longest part of the urethra
passes through the bulb and spongiosum of the penis
ends at the external urethral orifice
bulbourethral glands open in the spongy urethra
Where is the internal urethral sphincter located ( which urethra section)
PREPROSTATIC urethra
Where is the external urethral sphincter located ( which urethra section)
membranous urethra
Why do women get bladder infections more easily
shorter urethra
What is the position of the female urethra
embedded into the anterior wall to the vagina
-at the perineal muscle
What is the glandthat secretes a lubricant and changes the pH of the female urethra
periurethral gland
What composes the male reproductive system
testes, ducts ( epididymis , ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct) , accessory sex glands (seminal vesicles, prostate and bulbourethral gland) and penis + scrotun
What combines to form the ejaculatory duct
vas deferens and seminal vesicle’s duct
where does the ejaculatory duct open to
prostatic urethra
Where is the bulbourethral gland located
perineal muscle
describe the relation of the vas deferens with the bladder
it is located near the sides of the urinary bladder and the base ( posterior) end of the urinary bladder
What is the rectalvesical pouch
between the rectum and the bladder, deepest part of the peritoneum cavity in males
Are testes glands?
yes
How many surfaces, border and poles does the testes have
2 surface: lateral and medial
2 borders: anterior and posterior
2 poles: superior and inferior
when the testes finishes it’s migration, what covers it, what does it leave behind
covers:3 layers of muscle,
leaves behind: inguinal canal (muscular tunnel)
What is the tunica albuginea
fibrous capsule that surrounds the testis and it gives rise to the septum that enters the testes and divides the testes into lobules
What is found in the lobules of the testes
seminiferous tubule
What does the seminiferous tubule do?
produces sperms and delivers them to the epididymis
How do we divide the epdidymis
head, body and tail, attached to the superior, posterior and inferior part of testes
functio of epididymis
maturation of the sperm
How long for sperm maturation
64 days
Which part of the epididymis receives the sperm from the seminiferous tubule
head of epididymis
Which part of the epididymis gives the sperm to the ductus deferens
tail of epididymis
what is the course of the ductus deferens
it starts from the tail of the epididymis and ascends through the spermatic cord and ends at the base of the posterior surface of the bladder. enters the pelvic cavity
What is the spermatic corde
it is the layer of 3 muscles that surround the ductus deferens, testicular vessel, nerve and lymphatics
What is the dilation of the ductus deferens after it passes over the ureter
ampulla
What does the ampulla connect to form the ejaculatory duct
ducts of the seminal vesicle
Where is the start of the ejaculatory duct contained within
prostate gland
What is the function of the bulbourethral gland
secretes fluid for sexual arousal - changes pH +lubricates
function of the seminal vesicle
secretes most fluid of the semen, nourishes the sperm
where does the bulbourethral glands open to
penile urethra
what are the 2 parts of the penis
root and body
what forms the root of the penis
3 erectile tissue (2 crura [crux of penis] and 1 bulb)
where do the crux of penis attach to
ischiopubic ramus - provide support for the penis
Where does the bulb of penis attach to
attaches to interior surface of the inferior surface of perineal muscle
what is the continuation of the crux within the shaft
corpus cavernosa
What is the continuation of the bulb within the shaft of the penis
corpus spongiosum
what is the position of the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosium of the penis
corpora cavernosa: posterior aspect of the penis
corpus spongiosium: anterior aspect of the penis
What happens the the corpus spongiosum become at the end of the shaft
enlargens to form the glans of penis and it covers the ends of the corpora cavernosa
What covers the 3 erectile tissues of the shaft of the penis
tunica albuginea
what is the function of the tunica albuginea of the testes
maintains the pressure of the penis as blood is pumped into it -maintains the erection
What covers the glans of the penis
prepuce: double layer of skin
function of ischiocavernosus
squeezes the crux of penis to the ischiopubic ramus (against this bone) drains the blood and maintains erection
function of bulbospongiosus
squeezes the bulb ( passage of the urethra) helps drain last drops of urine
