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CAPS 391 > Lecture 18. Muscles in the forearm+hand > Flashcards

Lecture 18. Muscles in the forearm+hand Flashcards

1
Q

What divides the compartments of the forearm?

A

ulna, radius, interosseus membrane

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2
Q

What supplies muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

ulnar or median

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3
Q

What supplies muscles of the posterior compartment of the forearm

A

radial nerve

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4
Q

What are the layers of the anterior compartment of the forearm? How many muscles are there in the anterior part of the forearm?

A

superficial, intermediate, deep.

has 11 muscles

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5
Q

What is the common origin of most of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

medial epicondyle of the humerus, has the common flexor of tendon

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6
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the pronator teres

A 
O: medial epicondyle, common flexor of tendon
I: radius 
F: pronation of forearm 
I: median nerve
- SUPERFICIAL MUSCLE
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7
Q

What is the tendon near the medial epicondyle where most of the muscle’s origin are located

A

common flexor tendon

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8
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the flexor carpi radialis

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: base of first and second metacarpal bone
F: flexion and abduction of wrist ( abduction of wrist= radial deviation)
I: median nerve
- SUPERFICIAL MUSCLE

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9
Q

What is the flexor retinaculum

A

thick band of C.T. holds the tendons in place so muscles when working they don’t bow anteriorly, adds to efficiency of flexor muscles

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10
Q

What is the only muscle in the intermediate layer of the anterior compartment of the forearm

A

flexor digitorum superficialis

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11
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the flexor digitorym superficialis

A

O: medial epicondyle of humerus
I: * Base of the middle phalanges of fingers 2 -5 ( don’t go to thumb)
F: flexion of wrist and fingers (joints: metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal joints) , can maybe flex the elbow a little
I: median nerve

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12
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the flexor digitorum profundus

A 
O: ulna 
I: distal phalanges of fingers 2 to 5 
F: flexion of wrist 
PRIME MOVER: of wrist flexion and finger flexion ( both PIP, DIP,MCP): help with power grip not fine movement 
I: fingers 2,3: median nerve 
fingers 4,5 : ulnar nerve
DEEP LAYER of forearm
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13
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the brachioradialis

A

O: humerus
I: styloid process of radius
F: flexion of elbow
I: radial nerve

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14
Q

What is the only muscle found in the anterior part but is considered a muscle in the posterior compartment?

A

Brachioradialis

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15
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the extensor digitorum

A

O: lateral epicondyle of humerus
I: middle and distal phalanges of fingers 2-5
F: PRIME MOVER: extension of wrist and fingers of MCP ,ICP ( metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joint) of fingers 2 to 5.
I: radial nerve

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16
Q

How many layers are present in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

2 layers: superficial and deep

17
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the extensor carp ulnaris

A

O: lateral epicondyle
I: fifth metacarpal
F: extension of wrist, ulnar deviator, adduction of wrist
I: radial nerve
-SUPERFICIAL layer of posterior compartment of forearm

18
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the supinator

A

O: ulna
I: radius
F: supination of forearm ( not prime mover,
I: radius
deep layer of posterior compartment of forearm

19
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the extensor pollicis longus

A

O: ulna
I: distal phalanx of thumb
F: prime mover of extension of thumb ( interphalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints)
I: radial nerve

20
Q

How many muscles are present in the hand

A

19

21
Q

What are the intrinsic muscles of the hand for

A

fine movement of the hands

22
Q

What are the 3 groups of intrinsic muscles of the hand

A

thenar, hypothenar, central groups

23
Q

Describe the thenar muscles

A

found at the base of the thumb, cause flexion, abduction and opposition of thumb, innervated by median nerve

24
Q

Describe the hypothenar muscles

A

found at the base of the 5th finger: flexion, opposition,

innervated by ulnar nerve

25
Q

Describe the central muscles of the hand

A
  • consists of lumbricals

- palmar and dorsal interossei

26
Q

Describe the lumbricals

A 
- have 4 of them in each hand
O: tendon of flexor digitorum profundus 
I: proximal pharynx of fingers
F: flex the MCP, IP-joints
I: ulnar median nerves
27
Q

Describe the dorsal interossei

A

will do adduction of fingers 2,4,5
-DAB : dorsal => abduction
O: metacarpal bone
I: proximal phalanges

28
Q

Describe the palmar interossei

A

will do abduction of all four fingers
-PAD: palmar => adduction
O: metacarpal bone
I: proximal phalanges

29
Q

EXAM: What is the most important nerve for the innervation of the hand

A

ulnar, out of 19 , 14 are innervated by ulnar

30
Q

What is a transitional region

A

region of upper or lower limb which major blood vessels or nerves pass from one region to another

31
Q

What are the 3 transitional areas of the upper limb

A

axilla
cubital fossa
carpal tunnel

32
Q

What is the axilla

A

major blood vessels from aorta have to pass through axillary fossa

33
Q

What is the cubital fossa

A

triangle space
major nerve: median nerve pass through fossa
brachial artery passes through it

34
Q

What is the carpal tunnel

A

tunnel of the carpal bone, where the flexor retunaculum covers the bony tunnel , median nerve and flexor muscles passes through ut

CAPS 391 (33 decks)

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