Lecture 17. Muscles of the upper limbs+ pelvic region Flashcards
What are the divisions of the pelvic wall myscles
- pelvic diaphragm
2. perineal muscles
What constitutes the pelvic diaphragm
- levator ani
2. coccygeus
State the O,I,F,I of the levator ani
Origin: bony pelvis
Inserts: sacrum/ coccyx
Function: supports pelvic viscera
Innervation: sacral plexus
State the O,I,F,I of the coccygeus
Origin: ischial spine
inserts: coccyx and sacrum
function: supports the pelvic viscera
innervation: sacral plexus
What s the perineum
area bounded by the pubic symphysis, ishcial tuberosities and the coccyx
What are the subdivisions of the perineum
anteriorly: urogenital
posterior: anal triangle
What does the urogenital triangle of the perineum contain
distal part of the urethra, external genitalia and perineal muscles ( except external anal sphincter)
What are the main perineal muscles that are present in the urogenital triangle
- bulbospongiosus
- ischiocavernosus
- both covers the root of the external genitalia
What happens after multiple pregnancies
tears the muscles of the pelvic diaphragm, and the muscles are replenished by C.T and can’t support the weight of the pelvic viscera, the heavy uterus can’t be supported and is displaced inferiorly- prolapses
What is the function of the perineal muscles in males
bulbospongiosus: causes the last few drops to be squeezed out
ischiocavernosus: causes the penis to be erect, it acts as a a sphincter for the vaginal opening
What perineal muscles contain the anal canal?
External anal sphincter muscle
What innervates the perineal muscles?
pudental nerve
If there is a urinary infection, which muscles is most likely defected
bulbospongiosus of the perineal muscles
What is the muscle that arises from the supraspinous fossa
Suprapinatus
What is the O,I,F,I of the supraspinatus muscle
O: supraspinous fossa of the scapula I: greater tubercle of the humerus F: PRIME MOVER of the first 30 degrees of abduction - abduction of the shoulder joint I: brachial plexus: suprascapular nerve
What is the O,I,F,I of the infraspinatus muscles
O: infraspinous fossa
I: greater tubercle of humerus
F: passes posterior to shoulder,causes lateral rotation ( not prime mover)
I: suprasapular nerve
What is the O,I,F,I of the subscapularis
O: subscapular fossa of the scapula
I: lesser tubercle of humerus
F: PRIME MOVER of medial rotation of shoulder
I: upper and lower subscapular nerve (brachial plexus)
What is the O,I,F,I of the deltois
O: clavicle, acromion, scapula
I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
F: abduction of the shoulder joint . PRIME MOVER of abduction from 30 to 90
I: axillary muscle
The arm region are divided into 2 components , what separates the 2 components?
humerus and intermuscular septum
What is the name of the anterior compartment of the arm
flexor compartment
What is the name of the posterior compartment of the arm
extensor compartment
What do we do to separate the compartment of the muscles
based on their innervation ( NOT function)
What innervates the anterior muscles of the arm
musculocutaneous
What innervates the posterior muscles of the arm
radial
What constitutes the biceps brachii and what is the O,I, F,I
origin:
long head: above glenoid
short head: coracoid process
insertion: radial tuberosity of the radius
function: muscle passes through 2 joints elbow and shoulder .
flexion of the elbow and shoulder joint
prime mover of supination.
nerve: musculocutaneous
What is the O,I,F,I brachialis
O: body of humerus
I: ulna tuberosity
F: flexion of elbow joint
I: musculocutaneous
What is the O,I,F,I of the tricep bachii. What is the name of the 3 heads
heads: long,lateral, medial heads O: long- infraglenoid tubercle/scapula later lateral. medial: posterior shaft of humerus I: olecranon process of ulna F: extension of elbow N: radial
