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CAPS 391 > Lecture 19. Muscles in the leg and thigh and feet > Flashcards

Lecture 19. Muscles in the leg and thigh and feet Flashcards

1
Q

How are muscles in the lower limb divided?

A

gluteal, thigh, leg and foot

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2
Q

Name 3 superficial muscles in the gluteal region

A
  1. gluteal maximus
  2. gluteal minimis
  3. gluteal medius
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3
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the gluteus maximus

A

O: posterior surface of the sacrum AND lateral surface of the ilium
I: lateral tibial condyle, greater trochanter
F: stability of knee, extension of hip joint
I: sacral plexus, inferior gluteal nerve

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4
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the gluteus medius

A

O: external surface of the ilium
I: lateral surface of the greater trochanter
F: abduction of hip
I: superior gluteal nerve from sacral plexus

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5
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the gluteus minimus

A

O: lateral surface of the ilium
I: anterior surface of the greater trochanter
F: flexion of the hip joint
I:superior gluteal nerve from sacral plexus

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6
Q

What is a muscle of the deep group of the gluteal region

A

piriformis

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7
Q

What is the O,I,F,I

A 
O: anterior surface of the sacrum
I: greater trochanter of the femur 
(the origin passes through the greater sciatic notch) 
F: lateral  rotation of the hip joint 
I: sacral plexus
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8
Q

What are the compartments of the thigh

A

anterior, medial and posterior compartments

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9
Q

What are the functions of the anterior compartment of the thigh?

A

extensor muscles

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10
Q

What innervates the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

femoral nerve

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11
Q

What is the function of the medial compartment of the thigh

A

adductor of hip joint

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12
Q

What innervates the medial compartment of the thigh

A

obturator nerve

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13
Q

What is the function of the posterior compartment of the thigh (hamstrings)

A

flexion of the knee

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14
Q

What innervates the posterior compartment of the knee

A

sciatic nerve

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15
Q

Name 3 muscles in the anterior compartment of the thigh

A

iliopsoas
sartorius
quadriceps ( have 4 heads)

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16
Q

What are the anterior muscles of the thigh that does not participate in flexion?

A

sartorius, iliopsoas

17
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of sartorius muslce

A

O: ASIS
I: medial surface of tibia
F: rotates hip joint laterally, flexes hip, flexes knee
I: femoral nerve

18
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the quadriceps

A

O: hip bone , femur
I: patella (knee cap): but the filament continues to attach to the tibial tuberosity ( final destination)
F: extension of the knee
I: femoral nerve

19
Q

What is a muscle in the medial compartment of the thigh

A

adductor longus and adductor magnus

20
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the adductor longus

A

O: pubis
I: linea aspera (rough line)
F: adduction of hip joint
I: obturator

21
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the adductor magnus

A

O: ischiopubic ramus + ischial tuberosity / pubic bone
I: adductor tubercle
F: adduction and extension of hip joint
I: obturator and sciatic nerve

22
Q

What is the largest muscle in the adductor compartment

A

adductor magnus

23
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the biceps femoris

A

O:
(long head: ischial tuberosity; short head: linea aspera )
I:head of fibula
F: PRIME MOVER:flexor of knee; extension of hip
I: sciatic nerve

24
Q

What are the main muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg

A

tibialis anterior

25
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the tibialis anterior

A

O: tibia
I: medial cuneiform & base of 1st metatarsal
F: PRIME MOVER: inversion of foot; dorsi flexion
I: deep fibular nerve

26
Q

What are the compartments of the leg, name their compartment functions and the innervration

A

3 compartments.

anterior: dorsi flexion of ankles, extend toes ; fibular nerve
posterior: plantar flexion of toes and ankles; tibial nerve
lateral: evertor of the ankle joint; superficial fibular nerve

27
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the gastrocnemius

A

O: femoral condyles ( both heads)
I: calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
F: plantar flexion of the ankle
I: tibial

28
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the tibia posterior

A

O: posterior aspect of tibia and fibula
I: all tarsal bones except talus
F: plantar flexion of the ankle joint and inversion of foot
I: tibial nerve

29
Q

What is the O,I,F,I of the fibularis longus

A

O: lateral side of fibula
I: medial cuneiform of the 1st metatarsal
F: PRIME MOVER of foot eversion
I: superficial fibular

30
Q

How many layers of muscles are there on the foot

A

4 layers
1st layer: abduction of 1st and 5th toe, flex all 2-5.
2nd layer: flex toes 2-5
3rd layer: flex 1st and 5th toes and adduct the 1st toes
4th layer: adductor and abductor of all toes

31
Q

What are the 3 transitional areas of the lower limb

A
  1. femoral triangle: femoral nerve, vein and artery passes through this
  2. popliteal fossa: tibial and fibular nerve , artery and vein

3.tarsal tunnel:

CAPS 391 (33 decks)

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