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CAPS 391 > 11. Cranial nerves > Flashcards

11. Cranial nerves Flashcards

1
Q

How many cranial nerves are there in the PNS

A

12 pairs of cranial nerves

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2
Q

How many spinal nerves are there in the PNS

A

31 pairs of spinal nerves

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3
Q

What is the function of the superior sagittal sinus in the skull

A

has venous veins that carry blood and CSF away, we need to drain CSF because we produce more than needed to circulate in the CNS.

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4
Q

What are the 3 reflections of the dura?

A
  1. Falx cerebri
  2. Tentori cerebelli
  3. Falx cerebelli
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5
Q

What is the function of the falx cerebri ?

A

It is an extension of the dura that separates the 2 hemispheres of the cerebrum

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6
Q

What is tentori cereblli

A

It is the extension/reflection of the dura, provides a passage for the midbrain. it intervenes between the cerebellum and occipital lobe

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7
Q

What is flax cerebelli

A

It is reflection of the dura that separates the cerebellar hemisphere.

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8
Q

Where do the cranial nerves arise from

A

arise from motor, sensory and autonomic nuclei of the brainstem

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9
Q

What happens when the spinal cord opens up to the back.

A

at the level of the medulla, the central canal is pushed to the side and opened, central canal moves back and opens up- which then have the nuclei present that give rise to the cranial nerves

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10
Q

what type of nerve is CN1 (olfarctory)

A

pure sensory nerve

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11
Q

Where does CN1 open at

A

cribiform plate of the ethmoid bone, it is from the olfactory bulb ( sensory ganglion- contains neurons)

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12
Q

Where does the olfactory tract travel

A

IT DOES NOT PASS THROUGH THE THALAMUS unlike other cranial nerves - goes from olfactory cortex to cerebrum

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13
Q

Where do optic nerves cross each other

A

optic chiasm

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14
Q

Do all fibers of the optic nerve cross the midline/optic chiasm?

A

no

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15
Q

What type of nerve is CN2?

A

purely sensory nerve

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16
Q

Where is the opening of CN2?

A

optic canal

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17
Q

What is the difference between the optic nerve and optic tract

A

optic tract has to pass through the thalamus ( bunch of nuclei), it is the point pass the optic chiasm

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18
Q

What is the lateral genoculate body/nucleus

A

part of the thalamus that receives the optic tract and relays the sense of vision to to the visual cortex at the occipital lobe

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19
Q

what is the name of the nerves after it has passed the lateral genoculate body

A

optic projection fibers

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20
Q

What are the components of the oculomotor nerve (CN3)

A

motor and autonomic

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21
Q

What is the function of CN 3

A

it is a nerve that innervates some of the eyeball.

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22
Q

Where is the opening of CN3

A

superior orbital fissure

23
Q

What is the function of CN4 trochlear

A

controls one of the muscles of the eye

24
Q

What is the function of CN6 abductens

A

same as CN 4. controls one of the muscles of the eye

25
Q

How many cranial nerves control the movement of the eye

A

3 cranial nerves ( CN 3,4,6). there are also 7 muscles

26
Q

Where is the opening of CN 4

A

superior orbital fissure

27
Q

Where is the opening of CN 6

A

superior orbital fissure

28
Q

What is the ganglion associated with CN5, what ganglion is it

A

semilunar ganglion. sensory neuron

29
Q

What are the 3 divisions of the semilunar ganglion

A
  1. opthalmic branch -
  2. maxillary branch
  3. mandibullar branch
30
Q

What is the function of the opthalmic branch of CN5

A

supplies general sense (pain, touch, temp) to the eye and forehead

31
Q

What is the function of the maxillary branch of CN 5

A

sensory neurons to upper teeth and palate.

32
Q

What is the function of the mandibular branch of CN 5

A

It is mixed branch (sensory and motor).
sensory innervates teeth of lower jaw and skin of mandible and tongue (general sense)
Motor fibers: muscles to move mandible - chewing

33
Q

Where is the opening of the opthalmic division of CN 5

A

superior orbital fissure

34
Q

Where is the opening of the maxillary branch of CN 5

A

foramen rotundum

35
Q

Where is the opening of the mandibular branch of CN 5

A

foramen ovale

36
Q

What ganglion does CN 7 associate with

A

geniculate ganglion, pterygopalatine ganglion and submandibular ganglion

37
Q

What type of ganglion is the geniculate ganglion

A

sensory neuron

38
Q

What are the components of the facial nerve

A

sensory, motor and autonomic

39
Q

Where is the opening of the facial nerve

A

internal acoustic meatus

40
Q

Where is the opening of CN 8

A

internal acoustic meatus

41
Q

What is the function of the vestibulocochlear neuron

A

hearing and balance

42
Q

What type of nerve is CN 8

A

purely sensory

43
Q

Where is the opening of CN 9

A

jugular foramen

44
Q

What are the components of the glossopharyngeal

A

sensory, motor and autonomic

45
Q

What are the functions of CN 9

A

taste and general sensation of the tongue, detect blood pressure

46
Q

What is the opening of CN 10

A

jugular foramen

47
Q

What are teh ganglions associated with CN 10

A

superior and inferior ganglion of the vagus nerve - BOTH SENSORY

48
Q

Which cranial nerve leaves the head and neck

A

CN 10

49
Q

What is the function of cardia plexus

A

it slows down beating of heart

50
Q

What does the celiac plexus control

A

stomach, spleen,liver, pancrease

51
Q

What does the hypogastric plexus control

A

all of the small intestine , 1/2 of the large intestine - entirely parasympathetic

52
Q

Where is the opening of CN 12

A

jugular forman

53
Q

What component is CN 12

A

motor nerve

54
Q

What is the function of CN 12

A

supplies muscles of the tongue

CAPS 391 (33 decks)

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