Chapt 26. Digestive system Flashcards
What is the digestive system
the muscular tube that starts at the oral cavity and ends at the anus
What are the main segments of the ailementary canal
oral cavity. pharynx, eosphagus, stomach and small and large intestine
What are the accessory digestive organ
teeth, salivary glands, pancreas, gall bladder and liver
What are the boundaries of the oral cavity
anterior boundary: lips
posterior: orophayngeal isthmus
superiorly: palate
inferiorly: tongue
laterally: cheeks
What are the lips
2 muscular fold -skeletal muscle fibers ( orbicularis oris).
What is the transitional zone of the lips called
vermillion
What are the components of the palate
has a hard and soft palate
Describe the hard palate
anterior part of the roof of the oral cavity
floor of nasal cavity
made from maxillary and palatine bone
covered by mucus membrane
Describe the soft palate
posterior part of the roof of the oral cavity
separates oral cavity from the nasopharynx superiorly
has a soft tissue projection: uvula
What nerves supply the soft palate
CN 10
what forms the floor of the oral cavity
suprahyoid muscles
What is the function of the suprahyoid muscles
- elevate hyoid
- depress mandible
- swallowing
the dental arches divides the oral cavity into 2 compartments- what are they
- vestibule: horse-shoe shape space: part of oral cavity sitting outside dental arches
- oral cavity proper: part of the oral cavity sitting inside the dental arches
What is the mucosal fold that binds the lips to the bone
frenulum
-superior/inferior labial frenulum
What is the mucosal fold that attaches the tongue to the bone
lingual frenulum
Describe the palatoglossal arch
muscular folds between palate and tongue ( soft palate and tongue)
Describe the palatopharyngeal arch
muscular folds extends from the palate to the pharynx
Where are the palatine onsils located
between the palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arch
What is the oropharyngeal isthmus
It is a space: posterior part of the oral cavity
What is the boundary between the oral cavity and oropharynx
oropharyngeal isthmus
Where are the palatine tonsils located
oropharynx NOT the oral cavity
What are the components of the teeth
crown
neck- contained within alveolar bone- only part of the tooth that comes into touch with the gum
Describe the crown of the teeth
covered by enamel
has an underlayer of dentin
Describe the dentin of the teethe
forms the core of the tooth
What is in the pulp cavity
tooth nerves, blood vessels
-within dentin
What is the root canal
extension of the pulp cavity into the roots
What is the cementum
only found in the root
What is the periodontal ligament
where the root is attached to
What innervates the teeth
CN 5
What supplies muscles of the tongue
CN 12
How many muscles are there in the tongue
19
What divides the root and the body of the tongue
terminal sulcus
What is present at the root(posterior) side of the tongue
lingual tonsils
What innervates the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
CN 9
- gives general sensory innervation
- special senses: taste
What are alternative names of the posterior end of the tongue
root of tongue
pharyngeal part of tongue
posterior 1/3 of tongue
What are the 4 groups of the papillae
- circumvallate papilla
- fungiform papillae
- folliate papillae
- filiform papillae
What innervates the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
CN7 :sense of taste
CN 5:it picks up the general sensory information
What is the starting point of the pharynx
C6
What level does the esophagus passes through the diaphragm
T10
Where is the entrance of the stomach located
T11
What are structures anterior to the esophagus
- arch of aorta
2. trachea ( at level of T4-T5)
