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Anatomy II > Lecture 7: Comparative Histology Of The Hoof > Flashcards

Lecture 7: Comparative Histology Of The Hoof Flashcards

1
Q

Hoof definition

A

Cornified/keratinized covering of distal end of digit of ungulates

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2
Q

Hoof is a modification of

A

Skin

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3
Q

2 types of ungulates

A

Perisoodactyl/odd toed
Artiodactyl/even toed

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4
Q

Perissodactyl includes what animal

A

Horse

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5
Q

Artiodactyls include what animals

A

Ruminants

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6
Q

claw and nails vs hoof

A

Claw and nails = skin derived appendages
Hoof = skin derived organ

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7
Q

Which phalanx is enclosed by claw/nails/hoof

A

3rd

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8
Q

What skin layer gives rise to hoof capsule

A

Epidermis

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9
Q

What skin layer gives rise to corneum

A

Dermis

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10
Q

Which layer/strata of epidermis is keratinized

A

Stratum corneum

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11
Q

What is the periople

A

Zone of transition from skin to hoof

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12
Q

3 main regions of the hoof

A

Wall
Sole
Frog

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13
Q

Corium is continuous with

A

Dermis of limb skin

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14
Q

How many layers is corium

A

1

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15
Q

3 regions of corium (general)

A

Wall
Sole
Frog

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16
Q

3 zones of wall corium

A

Perioplic
Coronary
Laminar

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17
Q

4 layers/strata that constitute the hoof wall (from outer to innermost)

A

Stratum externum
Outer stratum medium
Inner stratum medium
Stratum internum

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18
Q

Peroplic corium is created by which wall strata

A

Stratum externum

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19
Q

Coronary corium is created by which 2 hoof wall strata

A

Outer stratum medium
Inner stratum medium

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20
Q

Laminar corium is created by which hoof wall strata

A

Stratum internum

21
Q

Which way does hoof grow

A

Distally

22
Q

Which hoof wall strata grow (3)

A

Stratum externum
Outer stratum medium
Inner stratum medium

23
Q

Perioplic and coronary regions contain what within corium

A

Papillae

24
Q

Tubular hoof definition

A

Hoof wall containing tubular structures

25
Q

Intertubular hoof definition

A

Compact keratinized tissue embedded within tubular hoof

26
Q

What cells produce/generate the tubular hoof

A

Differentiating cells of Stratum basale at papillae

27
Q

What cells produce/generate the intertubular hoof

A

Differentiating cells of Stratum basale at interpapillary region

28
Q

Rhodamine

A

Red compound that has affinity for keratinized tissue

29
Q

Line of keratinization located

A

Below papillae

30
Q

Where does non keratinized area of hoof wall exist

A

Between stem cells and keratinized cells

31
Q

Laminar corium definition

A

More specialized
Papillae takes shape of lamellae

32
Q

Dermal lamellae is modified

A

Papillae

33
Q

Dermal lamellae interlocks with

A

Epidermal lamellae

34
Q

Interlocking dermal lamellae with epidermal lamellae: function, importance

A

Constitutes stratum internum of hoof wall
Generates suspensory apparatus - makes attachment of capsule and corium efficient by providing big surface for attachment

35
Q

Laminar corium attaches to (2 things)

A

Periosteum of PIII
Perichondrium of lateral cartilages

36
Q

Secondary lamellae: definition, function

A

Component of dermal and epidermal lamellae
Increase surface are for attachment

37
Q

Stem cells of papillary corium vs secondary epidermal lamellae

A

Secondary epidermal lamellae - do not differentiate = quiescent

38
Q

Function of sole and frog

A

Produce more hoof capsule

39
Q

Zona alba aka

A

White line

40
Q

Zona alba: 2 regions/layers

A

Outer ring = from stratum internum
Inner ring = from internal stratum medium

41
Q

What is the hallmark for the living part of hoof

A

Zona alba

42
Q

Artiodactyl hoof vs perissodactyl hoof

A

No frog
More extensive digital pad —> reduced sole

43
Q

Specialized structure in arteriodactyl hoof (hint: accessory fingers)

A

Accessory hooves = “dewclaws”

44
Q

Are all the corium regions present in artiodactyl hooves

A

Yes

45
Q

Do epidermal and dermal lamellae of arteriodactyl hooves have secondary lamellae

A

No

46
Q

Digital pad corium replaces what and then is continuous with what in arteriodactyl hoof

A

Frog corium
Sole corium

47
Q

Corium attaches to what 3 structures

A

3rd phalanx
Lateral cartilages
Digital cushion

48
Q

Laminitis: definition, effects, corrected by

A

Inflammation of dermal lamellae
Leads to detachment of 3rd phalanx
Heterogenous distribution of blood flow
Corrected by hoof trimming

Anatomy II (36 decks)

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