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Anatomy II > Lecture 31: Nasal Sinus and Palate I > Flashcards

Lecture 31: Nasal Sinus and Palate I Flashcards

1
Q

Pterygopalatine fossa: definition, function

A

Region of skull ventral to orbit
Conduit connecting other regions of head and neck

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2
Q

What nerve and artery give off branches into pterygopalatine fossa

A

3rd part of maxillary artery and nerve

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3
Q

3 foramen in pterygopalatine fossa and where they lead

A

Maxillary foramen —> infraorbital and alveolar canals
Phenopalatine foramen —> nasal cavity
Caudal palatine foramen —> hard palate and nasal cavity

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4
Q

Philtrum definition

A

Midline sulcus in external nose

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5
Q

Naris definition

A

Opening into nasal cavity
Nostril

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6
Q

In what species can the shape of the external nares be altered

A

Horses

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7
Q

Septal cartilage definition

A

Cartilaginous plate that takes up majority of midline septum

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8
Q

What makes up the Rostral portion of the nose

A

Cartilage

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9
Q

4 cartilages that make up Rostral most portion of nose

A

Septal cartilage
Dorsolateral nasal cartilage
Ventrolateral nasal cartilage
Accessory cartilage

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10
Q

2 ligaments that affix cartilage to margin of bony nasal aperture

A

Dorsal nasal ligament
Lateral nasal ligament

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11
Q

Alar fold definition

A

Raised fold of mucosa along medial wall of nares supported by alar cartilage

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12
Q

Nasal diverticulum

A

Blind pouch dorsal to alar fold

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13
Q

Special consideration when inserting nasal tube

A

Must get tube ventral to alar fold to ensure it passes into nasal cavity and beyond

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14
Q

Nasal conchae: definition, function

A

Thin, convoluted laminae of bone that protrude from lateral nasal wall
Increase surface area of nasal cavity

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15
Q

3 nasal conchae in nasal cavity

A

Dorsal nasal conchae
Ventral nasal conchae
Ethmoidal conchae

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16
Q

Nasal meati: definition

A

Subdivision of nasal cavity defined by presence of conchae

17
Q

4 nasal meati

A

Dorsal
Middle
Ventral
Common

18
Q

Vomeronasal organ: definition, function

A

Specialized olfactory region near Rostral base of nasal septum
Diverticulum of incisive duct that passes through palatine fissure and is open communication between oral and nasal cavities
Detection of pheromones

19
Q

Incisive duct in horses difference

A

Does not open into oral cavity

20
Q

Lip curl (flehmen) reaction

A

Distinct facial reaction made by males in response to stimulation of vomeronasal organ by female pheromones

21
Q

Main blood supply to nasal cavity (2)

A

Sphenopalatine
maxillary V2

22
Q

Terminal branch of maxillary artery

A

Descending palatine artery

23
Q

Path of Sphenopalatine artery

A

Enters Sphenopalatine foramen to reach nasal cavity

24
Q

What do branches of Sphenopalatine artery supply in nasal cavity (3)

A

Lateral nasal wall
Ventral and dorsal conchae
Middle region of nasal septum

25
Q

External ethmoidal parent artery

A

External ophthalmic

26
Q

What do branches of external ethmoidal supply in nasal cavity (3)

A

Caudal nasal septum
Dorsal aspect of nose
Ethmoturbinates

27
Q

What foramina does external ethmoidal artery pass through

A

Ethmoidal foramen
Cribriform plate

28
Q

What artery supplies Rostral septum

A

Branch of major palatine artery

29
Q

Infraorbital artery: what supplied, Anastamoses

A

External surface of nose
Anastamoses with branches of Sphenopalatine to supply ventral nasal conchae

30
Q

Sensory innervation to nasal cavity

A

Olfactory CN I
Ethmoidal branch of V1
Branches from V2

31
Q

Olfactory filaments from CN I carry

A

Chemosensory signals from olfactory region of nasal cavity through cribriform plate to cranial cavity

32
Q

Ethmoidal nerve parallels what artery

A

Ethmoidal

33
Q

Branches from maxillary nerve parallel what 2 arteries

A

Sphenopalatine
Major palatine

34
Q

Postganglionic parasympathetics: ganglion, path, what is innervated, where branches go

A

From pterygopalatine ganglion
Innervate glands embedded within nasal mucosa
Branches into orbit travel within ethmoidal nerves to supply more dorsal mucosa and turbinates

35
Q

What nerve is closely associated with pterygopalatine ganglion and hitchhikes

A

Branches of V2

Anatomy II (36 decks)

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