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Anatomy II > Lecture 19: CNS and Head Neck Innervation > Flashcards

Lecture 19: CNS and Head Neck Innervation Flashcards

1
Q

5 types of innervation provided by cranial nerves

A

special sensory
general sensory
visceral motor (sympathetics, parasympathetic)
visceral sensory
general/voluntary motor

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2
Q

neurocranium definition and functions(2)

A

braincase (rigid)
protects brain and exit of cranial nerves
attachments of chewing and neck musculature

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3
Q

viscero/splanchocranium definition and functions/components (3)

A

facial skeleton
supports the face
sensory components
masticatory apparatus

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4
Q

forebrain: contains (4), 3 functions

A

right and left cerebral hemispheres, thalamus, hypothalamus
sensor processing, motor commands, decision making

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5
Q

brainstem components and functions

A

midbrain, pons, cerebellum, medulla
cranial nerve nuclei
nuclei responsible for basic functions like breathing

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6
Q

4 divisions of brainstem

A

midbrain
pons
cerebellum
medulla

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7
Q

how is cerebellum functionally associated with pons

A

cerebellar peduncles = bundles of axons going to and from cerebellum

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8
Q

cranial nerves pneumonic

A

Oh - olfactory (1)
Oh - optic (2)
Oh - oculomotor (3)
To - trochlear (4)
Touch - trigeminal (5)
And - abducens (6)
Feel - facial (7)
Very - vestibulocochlear (8)
Good - glossopharyngeal (9)
Velvet - vagus (10)
A - accessory (11)
H - hypoglossal (12)

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9
Q

2 cranial nerves in forebrain (and general functions)

A

CNI/olfactory = smell
CNII/optic = vision

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10
Q

2 cranial nerves in midbrain and function

A

CN III/oculomotor
CN IV/trochlear
eye movements

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11
Q

2 cranial nerves in pons and 3 functions

A

CN V/trigeminal
CN VI/abducens
eye movements, sensory to face, motor for chewing

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12
Q

6 cranial nerves in medulla

A

CN VII - CN XII

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13
Q

cranial nerve ganglia for parasympathetics: head and neck (hint: 3,9,7,7 COPS)

A

CN III = ciliary
CN IV = pterygopalatine and submandibular
CN IX = optic

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14
Q

examples of special senses (7)

A

olfaction, vision, taste, balance, hearing, blood pressure, blood oxygen and co2 levels

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15
Q

3 cranial nerves that control extraocular muscles

A

3,4,6
oculomotor, trochlear, abducens

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16
Q

autonomic functions in head and neck examples

A

control of muscles within eye to focus and control pupil size
glands that secrete tears, mucus, saliva

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17
Q

olfactory nerve passes through

A

cribriform plate

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18
Q

optic nerve passes through

A

optic canal

19
Q

what 4 nerves pass through orbital fissure (3 main cranial nerves, 1 branch)

A

3,4,5
oculomotor
trochlear
abducens
+opthalmic = V1 of trigeminal

20
Q

hypoglossal nerve goes through

A

hypoglossal foramen

21
Q

3 nerves that go through jugular foramen

A

9,10,11
glossopharyngeal
vagus
accesssory

22
Q

2 nerves that go through internal acoustic meatus

A

facial
vestibulocochlear

23
Q

what nerve goes through oval foramen

A

mandibular = V3 of trigeminal

24
Q

what nerve goes through round foramen

A

maxillary = V2 of trigeminal

25
Q

olfactory nerves enter rostral cranial fossa via

A

cribriform plate

26
Q

what kind of info does CN I carry

A

olfactory

27
Q

what kind of info does CN II carry

A

visual info from retina to lateral geniculate nucleus of thalamus

28
Q

which 3 cranial nerves innervate extrinsic eye muscles (motor)

A

CN III, IV and VI

29
Q

CN IV innervates what eye muscle

A

dorsal oblique

30
Q

CN VI innervates which eye muscle

A

lateral rectus

31
Q

CNIII innervates which eye muscles (5)

A

ventral oblique
ventral rectus
dorsal rectus
medial rectus
levator palpebrae superioris

32
Q

which cranial nerve (CN III, IV or VI) also provides parasympathetic innervation to 2 intrinsic eye muscles

A

CN III

33
Q

3 primary division of trigeminal nerve

A

V1 - ophthalamic
V2 - maxillary
V3 - mandibular

34
Q

trigeminal V3/mandibular innervation: motor and sensory

A

motor innervation to muscles of mastication
motor innervation to muscles in ear and pharynx with tensor in the name
GENERAL sensory to anterior 2/3 of tongue

35
Q

CN VII innervation (5)

A

parasympathetics to pterygopalatine ganglion
nasal mucosa for mucous production
lacrimal gland for tear production
SPECIAL sensory = taste to anterior 2/3 of tongue
motor innervation to muscles of facial expression

36
Q

what 2 cranial nerves innervate the face together

A

trigeminal and facial

37
Q

CN VIII/vestibulocochlear innervate

A

vestibular apparatus - balance and muscle coordination
cochlea - hearing

38
Q

CN IX/glossopharyngeal innervates (9)

A

motor to stylopharyngeus
parotid/salivary gland
SPECIAL SENSORY (taste) from posterior 1/3 of tongue
GENERAL SENSORY from posterior 1/3 of tongue
oropharynx, middle ear, auditory tube, carotid sinus, carotid body

39
Q

CN X/vagus innervates (6)

A

motor to muscles of soft palate, palatoglossus, pharynx, larynx
parasympathetics to cardiac muscle
parasympathetics to viscera to left colic flexure
taste buds around epiglottis
external acoustic meatus
dura mater in dorsal cranial fossa

40
Q

CN XI/accessory innervates

A

motor to brachiocephalicus, omotransversarious, sternocephalicus, trapezius

41
Q

CN IX, X and XI all exit skull through

A

jugular foramen

42
Q

CN XIII/hypoglossal innervates

A

motor to intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles

43
Q

which cranial nerves have parasympathetic components

A

CNIII = oculomotor
CN VII = facial
CN IX = glossopharyngeal
CN X = vagus

Anatomy II (36 decks)

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