Lecture 23: Microanatomy of Head and Neck Structures Flashcards

1
Q

2 kinds of glands

A

Exocrine
Endocrine

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2
Q

Endocrine vs exocrine glands

A

Endocrine - secrete hormones into blood or lymphatic tissues
Exocrine - secrete into ducts

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3
Q

2 types of exocrine secretions

A

Serous
Mucus

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4
Q

Saliva definition and functions

A

Combo of serous and mucus products of salivary glands
Dissolve water soluble portions of food
Lubricates upper digestive tract

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5
Q

3 major salivary glands

A

Parotid
Submandibular
Sublingual

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6
Q

5 minor salivary glands

A

Labial
Lingual
Buccal
Palatine
Zygomatic

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7
Q

Serous demilunes: function, location

A

Release proteins containing lysoszyme
Associates with mucous acini in major salivary glands

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8
Q

3 extramural glands of digestion

A

Salivary glands
Pancreas and liver

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9
Q

Secretions from salivary glands, pancreas, liver: path, functions

A

Delivered to lumen of alimentary/GI tracts via ducts
Secrete lysozyme, lactoferrin and IgA to protect body

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10
Q

Parotid secretion type: serous, mucus or mixed

A

Serous

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11
Q

Secretion type of submandibular and sublingual glands

A

Mixed serous and mucus

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12
Q

Myoepithelial cells function

A

Compress ducts to push secretion down into intercalated cut

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13
Q

Parotid gland innervated by

A

CN IX/glossopharyngeal

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14
Q

What structure is where secretions are released

A

Acina/acinar cells

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15
Q

Innervation of submandibular and sublingual glands

A

CN VII/facial

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16
Q

Palate: epithelial type

A

Stratified squamous

17
Q

Lacrimal gland secretes

A

Tear

18
Q

Lacrimal gland is under what kind of control

A

Autonomic

19
Q

Path of tears

A

Produced in lacrimal gland —> lacrimal punctum —> lacrimal caruncle —> canaliculi —> nasolacrimal duct

20
Q

Innervation of lacrimal gland

A

Facial nerve

21
Q

Prominent feature in lacrimal gland

A

Lymphatic nodules

22
Q

Is thyroid endocrine or exocrine

A

Endocrine

23
Q

2 cells within parathyroid

A

Chief
Oxyphils

24
Q

Chief cells in parathyroid: 2 functions

A

Produce parathyroid hormone
Regulate blood calcium levels

25
Q

Oxyphils in parathyroid: definition, importance (what happens with age)

A

Nonsecretory cells
Increase across lifespan
Fat content increases with age = indicates age

26
Q

Colloid: definition, function, location

A

Thyroid
Composed of thyroglobulin = storage of main thyroid hormones

27
Q

C cells in thyroid: function

A

Release calcitonin to decrease blood Calcium levels

28
Q

Thyroid gland parenchyma is filled with

A

Millions of colloid filled follicles

29
Q

What is colloid composed of

A

Thyroglobulin

30
Q

Thyroid gland releases

A

Hormones that regulate metabolism

31
Q

What type of cells surround ducts

A

Myoepithelial cells

32
Q

Which gland is lobulated

A

Lacrimal

33
Q

Submandibular/sublingual vs parotid: Adipocytes

A

More Adipocytes in parotid