Lecture 36: Mammalian Dental Anatomy

Question 1

2 advantages of endothermy

Answer 1

-Exploit wider range of thermal environments (less dependent on sun and warmer temperatures)
-higher basal metabolic rate enables higher rate of sustained activity and greater stamina

Question 2

How are mammalian teeth essential for maintaining large enough supply of energy

Answer 2

Need to counter high energy requirements of endothermy

Question 3

4 quadrants in mouth

Answer 3

Left maxillary (upper)
Right maxillary (upper)
Left mandibular (lower)
Right mandibular (lower)

Question 4

Mesial

Answer 4

Towards anterior portion of mouth

Question 5

Distal

Answer 5

Towards posterior portion of mouth

Question 6

Palatal

Answer 6

Towards palate

Question 7

buccal

Answer 7

Towards cheek

Question 8

labial

Answer 8

Towards lips

Question 9

3 types of teeth specializations

Answer 9

Thecodonty
Heterodonty
Diphyodonty

Question 10

Thecodonty

Answer 10

Teeth anchored within bony sockets of jaws (maxilla, premaxilla, mandible)

Question 11

Heterodonty

Answer 11

Differentiation of teeth in different parts of mouth into distinct functional units

Question 12

Diphyodonty

Answer 12

2 different sets of dentition = 1 for milk (deciduous), 1 permanent

Question 13

Crown

Answer 13

Extends from gum line into oral cavity
Covered in enamel

Question 14

Root

Answer 14

Extends from gum line into alveolus
Coated with cementum

Question 15

Which 2 tooth parts of made of dentine

Answer 15

Crown
Root

Question 16

Pulp cavity

Answer 16

Hollow cavity filled with pulp

Question 17

Pulp

Answer 17

Soft tissues that contain nerves and blood vessels

Question 18

What anchors teeth within alveolus

Answer 18

Periodontal ligaments

Question 19

What do periodontal ligaments contain

Answer 19

Stretch receptors for chewing

Question 20

Acrodont

Answer 20

Scarcely have any roots
Teeth but against rim of jawbone by continuous rim of hard tissue

Question 21

Pleurodont

Answer 21

Each tooth touches bone with outer surface of root

Question 22

Heterodonty

Answer 22

Teeth in different positions within jaw differ in morphology and function

Question 23

Mammal teeth are composed of _______

Answer 23

Cusps

Question 24

In general, teeth increase in cusp number and complexity from _______ to ________ (direction)

Answer 24

Mesial to distal

Question 25

4 basic tooth types of mammals

Answer 25

Incisors
Canines
Premolars
Molars

Question 26

Incisors

Answer 26

Anterior dentition
Used for gripping and initiating cracks

Question 27

Canines

Answer 27

Anterior dentition
Used for gripping
Adapted for social display purposes

Question 28

Premolars and molar

Answer 28

Cheek teeth
Used for fracturing

Question 29

Plyphyodonty: definition, species

Answer 29

Non mammalian vertebrates
Teeth constantly replaced
Tooth morphology remains constant

Question 30

Diphyodonty: definition, species

Answer 30

Mammals
Teeth replaced once
Adult/permanent teeth differ in number and morphology from deciduous/milk teeth