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Anatomy II > Lecture 34: Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Lecture 34: Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

2 spaces/divisions of mouth due to teeth

A

vestibule
oral cavity proper

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2
Q

vestibule: definition

A

space between lips/cheeks and teeth
lips and cheek contact the teeth

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3
Q

oral cavity proper: definition, what fills this space

A

space internal to teeth
filled by tongue

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4
Q

frenulum definition/location, function

A

midline mucosal fold that fixes central portion of tongue to floor of oral cavity

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5
Q

which regions of tongue are mobile vs immobile

A

rostral = very mobile
caudal portion = immobile

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6
Q

why is caudal tongue portion immobile (what is it attached to)

A

root of tongue attached to basihyoid bone
tongue attached to epiglottis

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7
Q

what attaches tongue to epiglottis

A

median glossoepiglottic fold (midline mucosal fold)

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8
Q

valleculae: how formed, location

A

median glossoepiglottic fold creates 2 small pockets on either side of midline
caudal tongue

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9
Q

dorsal surface of tongue is characterized by

A

presence of several different kinds of papillae

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10
Q

filiform papillae: definition, location, function

A

keratinized papillae on dorsal surface of tongue
protects tongue from sharp particles of food

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11
Q

are filiform papillae associated with taste buds

A

no

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12
Q

main types of papillae in tongue (4)

A

filiform
fungiform
foliate
vallate

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13
Q

vallate papillae: definition, location

A

largest papillae in tongue
restricted to line or area towards caudal end of dorsal surface of tongue

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14
Q

ventral vs dorsal surface of tongue

A

dorsal = keratinized, tougher
ventral = less keratinized, softer, more vulnerable

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15
Q

feline papillae difference (and why important)

A

keratinized filiform papillae larger and directed caudally
aid in grooming of fur

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16
Q

which papillae gives cat tongues the characteristic rough texture

A

keratinized filiform

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17
Q

lyssa definition/location, function

A

stiff connective tissue (collagenous) rod embedded in apex of tongue
help support freely mobile apex

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18
Q

2 groups of tongue muscles

A

intrinsic
extrinsic

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19
Q

intrinsic tongue muscles: function, innervation, location

A

dorsal and lateral parts of body
control shape and movements of tongue
hypoglossal nerve

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20
Q

extrinsic tongue muscles: general function, innervation

A

control position and gross movements
hypoglossal nerve

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21
Q

4 extrinsic tongue muscles

A

genioglossus
hypoglossus
styloglossus
palatoglossus

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22
Q

genioglossus: OINA

A

O - medial surface of mandible
I - midline ventral surface of tongue
A - depress tongue
N - hypoglossal

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23
Q

hypoglossus: OINA

A

O - basihyoid
I - lateral side of caudal portion of tongue
A - retract tongue (push back during swallowing)
N - hypoglossal

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24
Q

which extrinsic tongue muscle is not innervated by CN XII

A

palatoglossus

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25
Q

styloglossus: OINA

A

O - stylohyoid
I - lateral surface of tongue along most of teeth
N - hypoglossal
A - retract tongue

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26
Q

geniohyoid: OINA (and where does it run along)

A

O -intermandibular articulation
I - basihyoid
N - hypoglossal
A - draw hyoid apparatus and larynx rostrally = pull mandible down
*along floor of oral cavity on either side of base of tongue

27
Q

does geniohyoid insert on tongue

A

no

28
Q

which 2 extrinsic tongue muscles retract the tongue

A

hypoglossus
styloglossus

29
Q

lingual artery branch of

A

external carotid

30
Q

where does lingual artery branch from external carotid

A

where hypoglossal nerve crosses carotid

31
Q

path of lingual artery

A

enters oral cavity on medial surface of hypoglossus
runs on latreal surface of genioglossus as it courses through tongue to apex
name change at apex of tongue –> deep lingual artery

32
Q

lingual artery changes name to what and where

A

deep lingual
once reaching apex of tongue

33
Q

what facilitates heat exchange on ventral surface of tongue (think: blood vessels)

A

anastamoses between deep lingual artery and vein in apex of tongue

34
Q

what nerve supplies motor to all intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue (except for palatoglossus)

A

hypoglossal

35
Q

path of hypoglossal nerve after crossing cranial neck

A

runs with lingual artery toward cranial cavity
enters oral cavity on lateral surface of hypoglossus muscle
supplies muscles

36
Q

hypoglossal nerve vs lingual artery path

A

nerve = deep
artery = superficial

37
Q

4 cranial nerves that contribute to sensory (general and special) innervation to tongue

A

lingual from V3 = general sensory to anterior 2/3
facial nerve via chorda tympani = taste to anterior 2/3
glossopharyngeal = general sensory and taste to posterior 1/3
vagus = general sensory and a little taste from tongue around epiglottis

38
Q

4 regional groups of salivary glands

A

parotid
mandibular
sublingual
buccal

39
Q

dorsal gland from buccal salivary gland is named what in dogs

A

zygomatic gland

40
Q

parotid gland: location, covered in, drainage

A

around ear
dense thick fascial capsule
single parotid duct that crosses masseter –> drains to oral cavity on bucca surface

41
Q

mandibular gland: location, drainage

A

caudal to mandible and sandwiched between maxillary and linguofacial veins
mandibular duct from medial surface of gland through floor of oral cavity to empty in rostral part of oral cavity

42
Q

which gland is found in between maxillary and linguofacial veins

A

mandibular

43
Q

which duct crosses masseter

A

parotid

44
Q

2 type of sublingual glands

A

monostomatic
polystomatic

45
Q

monostomatic sublingual gland: drainiage

A

single major sublingual duct that runs in parallel to mandibular duct

46
Q

polystomatic sublingual gland: definition, drainage

A

collection of smaller more diffuse lobules of glandular tissue
numerous small ducts through mucosa on floor of oral cavity

47
Q

which type of sublingual gland is absent in horses

A

monostomatic

48
Q

where do both mandibular and sublingual ducts empty

A

into oral cavity at sublingual caruncle

49
Q

sublingual caruncle: definition/location

A

small bump of tissue lateral to root of lingual frenulum

50
Q

what nerve do mandibular and sublingual ducts cross dorsally

A

lingual

51
Q

what type of innervation do salivary glands receive (2)

A

sympathetic
parasympathetic

52
Q

sympathetic innervation to salivary glands: 2 patterns/ways

A

postganglionics from cervical spinal ganglion travel in periarterial plexuses (follow arteries) to target organs
postganglionics pass through parasympathetic ganglia without synapsing and go to target organs with parasympathetics

53
Q

parasympathetics leave brain in 4 cranial nerves

A

vagus
oculomotor
facial
glossopharyngeal

54
Q

vagus parasympathetics are for

A

thoracic and abdominal organs

55
Q

oculomotor parasympathetics are for

A

intrinsic eye muscles

56
Q

2 ganglia for facial parasympathetics

A

pterygopalatine
mandibular and sublingual

57
Q

ganglion for glossopharyngeal parasympathetics

A

otic

58
Q

glossopharyngeal parasympathetics are for

A

parotid and buccal/zygomatic salivary glands

59
Q

facial parasympathetics are for

A

mandibular and sublingual salivary glands

60
Q

where is otic ganglion found

A

next to CN V3
ventral to oval foramen

61
Q

how do pre and postganglionic parasympathetics travel for glossopharyngeal nerve

A

preganglionics: through middle ear —> middle cranial fossa –> foramen ovale –> synapse on otic ganglion
postganglionics: hitchhike on auriculotemporal nerve and branches to reach parotid and zygomatic glands

62
Q

location of mandibular and sublingual ganglia

A

next to lingual nerve as it enters oral cavity

63
Q

how to pre and postganglionic parasympathetics travel for facial nerve (to salivary glands)

A

preganglionics: through ear to infratemporal fossa –> join lingual nerve –> hitchhike to mandibular and sublingual ganglia for synapse
postganglionics: pass directly to glands

Anatomy II (36 decks)

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