Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOL 1191 > lecture 7 - autonomic NS > Flashcards

lecture 7 - autonomic NS Flashcards

1
Q

ANS operates without conscious control via

A

reflex arcs to regulate activity of smooth muscle, glands, and cardiac muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

components of ANS reflex arc

A

sensory receptors (mostly interoceptors)
sensory neurons
integrating centres in CNS (brainstem and hypoth)
motor neurons
visceral effectors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ANS vs SNS - sensory input

A

ANS - mainly interoceptors, some from somatic senses/special senses

SNS - from somatic senses/special

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ANS vs SNS - motor neuron pathway

A

ANS - usually 2 neuron, pre and post ganglionic. OR preganglionic neurons may synapse with cormaffin cells

SNS - one neuron pathway, from CNS directly with affector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ANS vs SNS - NTs and hormones

A

ANS - all preganglionic = ACh, most synpathetic post ganglionic = NE, most parasympathetic post ganglionic = ACh, cromaffin cells = E/NE

SNS - all somatic motor neurons release only ACh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ANS vs SNS - control of motor output

A

ANS - involuntary control from hypothalamus, limbic system, brainstem and spinal cord

SNS - voluntary control form C cortex, corpus striatum, cerebellum, brainstem, cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

ANS vs SNS - effectors

A

ANS - smooth muscle, cardiac, glands

SNS - skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

sympathetic division ______ organ function

A

excites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

ANS vs SNS - responses

A

ANS - contraction/relaxation of smooth muscle, increased/decreased rate/force of cardiac contraction, +/- secretions of glands

SNS - contraction of skeletal muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

parasympathetic division ______ organ function

A

inhibits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

dual innervation

A

when an organ is supplied by both para and sympathetic fibres

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

preganglionic neuron

A

myelinated, extends to autonomic ganglion or chromaffin cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

postganglionic neuron

A

extends from autonomic ganglion, nonmyelinated, extends to effector

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

hypothalamus regulates:

A

balance between symapthetic and parasympathetic activity levels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

autonomic tone

A

total activity rate of the ANS, balances the two divisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

sympathetic components of the ANS

A

preganglionic neurons
autonomic ganglion
sympathetic ganglion
postganglionic neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

parasympathetic components of the ANS

A

preganglionic neurons
autonomic ganglions
parasympathetic ganglion
postganglionic neurons

13
Q

organization of the ANS (generic pathway)

A

CNS, preganglionic neurons, ganglion/chromaffin,, postganglionic neuron, effector

14
Q

thoracolumbar division is where

A

cell bodies of preganglionis neurons are located in SNS (lateral grey horns)

t1-L2

15
Q

sympathetic trunk (chain) ganglia are located

A

on either side of the spinal cord

16
Q

facts about sympathetic trunk (chain) ganglion (

A

extend from skull base to coccyx

receive axons from thoracolumbar segements

form superior, middle and inferior cervical ganglia

close to spinal cord

17
Q

sympathetic pregangionic neurons are long or short

A

short

18
Q

sympathetic postgangionic neurons are long or short

A

long

19
Q

prevertebral ganglia are located

A

anterior to vertebral column

20
Q

prevertebral ganglia consist of how many ganglia

A

5

21
Q

prevertebral ganglia innervates mostly

A

organs below the diaphragm

22
Q

4 options of a preganglionic neuron (pathways to get somewhere)

A
  1. same level
  2. higher or lower
  3. goes to prevertebral ganglion
  4. goes to chromaffin cells
23
Q

option details for preganglionic neuron once it leaves the cord)
- 1. stays at same level

A

axon exits cord, does a loop through white communicating ramus to sympathetic trunk ganglion, synapses in ganglion and leaves thru grey communicating ramus

24
Q

option details for preganglionic neuron once it leaves the cord)
- 2. higher or lower

A

exact same as 1 but when the axon gets to the trunk ganglion, it goes up or down the trunk before exiting via grey communicating rami
(exit cord, white com ramus -> sympathetic trunk ganglion (moves up or down) -> grey com ramus)

25
Q

option details for preganglionic neuron once it leaves the cord)
- 3. axon synapses in prevertebral ganglion

A

exits cord, enters symp trunk ganglion via white com ramus, continues thru a splanchnic nerve to a prevertebral ganglion

26
Q

option details for preganglionic neuron once it leaves the cord)
- 4. axon goes to chromaffin cells

A

exits cord, goes to trunk ganglia via white com ramus, continues thru splanchnic nerve to chromaffin cells

27
Q

white communicating ramus

A

short pathway where axons enter the sympathetic trunk ganglia after exiting the spinal cord
(far track on diagrams)

myelinated axons - hence white

connects spinal nerve to chain ganglia

28
Q

grey communicating ramus

A

short pathways where axons in sympathetic trunk ganglia return to the spinal nerve
(close track to SC on diagram)

unmyelinated axons - hence grey

connect ganglia of sympathetic trunk to spinal nerves

29
Q

in the sympathetic NS which axons are long and short?

A

long - postganglionic
short - preganglionic

this means that ganglia (being prevertebral or in the trunk) are close to CNS

30
Q

how many postganglionic neurons can one preganglionic neuron synapse within the SNS

A

up to 20, supplying many body regions

31
Q

cervical ganglia innervate:

A

heart and head
(all glands)

32
Q

thoracic ganglia innervate:

A

heart, lungs, skin
(all glands)

33
Q

hypogastric plexus innervates:

A

pelvis visceral effectors

34
Q

preganglionic axons that pass thru the symapthetic trunk without synapsing in it are called?
what options are these part of?

A

splanchnic nerves

part of options 3 and 4

extend to prevertebral ganglia or chromaffin cells

35
Q

suprarenal medulla houses

A

chromaffin cells

36
Q

chromaffin cells function

A

secrete hormones into the bloodstream (NE and E)

BIOL 1191 (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions