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BIOL 1191 > lab 13 minus obvious shit > Flashcards

lab 13 minus obvious shit Flashcards

1
Q

tactile sensation receptors (6)

A

tactile corpuscles
hair root plexuses
nonencapsulated sensory corpuscles
bulbous corpuscles
lamellar corpuscles
free nerve endings

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2
Q

tactiel corpuscles

A

aka meissner corpuscles

found in dermal papillae in hairless skin
- detect touch and low freq vibration

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3
Q

hair root plexuses

A

free nerve endings wrapped around hair follicles

detects movement that disturbs the hairs

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4
Q

nonencapsulated sensory corpuscles

A

free nerve endings contacting stratum basale, tree shaped

detect pressure and continuous touch

numerous in fingers, lips

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5
Q

bulbous corpuscles

A

encapsulated receptors deep in the dermis, ligaments, and tendons

detect stretching and pressure

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6
Q

lamellar corpuscles

A

encapsulated dendrites located in dermis and sub layer

detect high freq vibrations and steady pressure

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7
Q

free nerve endings

A

all areas

aka itch and tickle receptors

detect tickle and itch

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8
Q

tests to test sensations of touch

A

two point test
single hair test

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9
Q

test to test temperature

A

grid temp test

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10
Q

tests to test proprioception

A

circle dot test

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11
Q

olfactory tract

A

formed in olfactory bulb

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12
Q

olfactory bulb contains

A

mitral cells (2nd order neurons of olfaction)

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13
Q

cribriform plate

A

landmark/feature of ethmoid bone

contains olfactory foramina that allows passage of the olfactory nerves

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14
Q

nasal cavity contains

A

olfactory epithelium on top that covers the cribriform plate

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15
Q

olfactory gland and mucus function

A

produce mucus which moistens surface of olfactory epithelium to dissolve odourants so transduction can occur

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16
Q

olfactory sensory neuron part locations (axon, dendrites, cilia, odourant molecule)

A

neuron located in olfactory epithelium

axon - goes through foramina to bulb/mitral cells

dendrite - continues thu olf epi to surface in nasal cavity

cilia - come off of dendrite, site of transduction

odourant molecule - binds to cilia

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17
Q

test to test olfaction

A

clove oil + peppermint oil switch

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18
Q

lingual papillae

A

elevated areas of the tongue with taste buds

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19
Q

gustatory microvilli

A

a hair that projects thru the taste pore at the apical end of a every taste bud

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20
Q

what type of receptor are taste buds?

A

chemoreceptors

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21
Q

3 cranial nerves that transmit sensory info from taste buds to brain

A

vagus, glossopharyngeal, facial

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22
Q

why does plugging the nose affect taste?

A

because odourants cannot reach the olfactory epithelium as easy

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23
Q

lacrimal gland

A

secretes lacrimal fluid which drains into excretory lacrimal ducts that empty tears on the conjunctiva of the eyelid

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24
Q

lacrimal sac

A

tears go from the lacrimal canaliculi to here, then to the nasolacrimal duct

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25
Q

eyelid functions to

A

protects the eye

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26
Q

pupil

A

where light enters the eye

centre black dot

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27
Q

iris

A

coloured portion of the eye

regulates amount of light entering the eye thru the pupil by being controlled by zonular fibres

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28
Q

sclera

A

white of the eye

gives shape to eye, protects inner parts, serves as attachment site for extraocular muscles

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29
Q

pathway of tears

A

lacrimal gland
excretory lacrimal ducts
surface of eye
lacrimal canaliculi
lacrimal sac
nasolacrimal duct
nasal cavity

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30
Q

superior rectus (action and nerve)

A

looking up, nerve 3

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31
Q

inferior rectus (action and nerve)

A

looking down, nerve 3

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32
Q

lateral rectus (action and nerve)

A

looking side to side (depends which eye),
nerve 6

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33
Q

medial rectus (action and nerve)

A

looking side to side, depends which eye

nerve 3

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34
Q

superior oblique (action and nerve)

A

rotational stability of eyeballs, nerve 4

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35
Q

inferior oblique (action and nerve)

A

rotational stability of eyeballs, nerve 3

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36
Q

ciliary body components

A

ciliary muscle and ciliary process

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37
Q

ciliary body

A

anterior portion of the choroid, that secretes aqueous humor

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38
Q

ciliary muscle

A

changes shape of the lends by changing the tightness of zonular fibres

39
Q

ciliary process

A

extend off of ciliary muscle, and zonular fibres extend off of them

40
Q

aqueous humor

A

watery liquid that nourishes the lens and cornea

41
Q

anterior chamber of the eye

A

lies between cornea and iris, filled with aqueous humor

42
Q

posterior chamber of the eye

A

lies behind anterior chamber, behind iris and in front of lens

43
Q

cornea

A

coating of the iris, focuses light into the retina

44
Q

lens

A

behind pupil and iris, helps focus images on retina to allow clear vision

45
Q

zonular fibres of the lens

A

aka suspensory ligaments

extend from ciliary processes, and are manipulated by the ciliary muscle to change the lens shape

46
Q

when ciliary muscle contracts:

A

the zonular fibres are looser, and the lens in wider

allows us to focus on close objects

47
Q

when ciliary muscle is relaxed:

A

the zonular fibres are taught, and the lens is taller and narrow

allows us to focus on far objects

48
Q

bulbar conjunctiva

A

passes form eyelids to surface of eyes, covers sclera

cause of bloodshot eyes

49
Q

retina

A

inner layer of eyeball, beginning of visual pathway

50
Q

choroid

A

deep to retina, vascularized, nourishes retina, produces melanin that prevents light from scattering

51
Q

macula (eye)

A

spot on the retina directly behind the lens, contains fovea centralis

52
Q

fovea centralis

A

small depression in macula that only contains cones

53
Q

optic disc

A

blind spot, where optic nerve exits the eye

54
Q

posterior segment

A

between lens and retina, filled with vitreous humor

55
Q

vitreous humor function

A

holds the retina flush against the choroid

56
Q

posterior segment vs posterior chamber of the eye

A

segment
- between lens and retina
- contians vitreous humor

chamber
- between iris and lens
- contians aqueous humor

57
Q

myopic

A

near sighted

58
Q

hyperopic

A

farsighted

59
Q

snellen eye chart

A

part of the vision test

60
Q

astigmatism

A

irregular curvature of the cornea or lens that makes things blurry or unfocused

61
Q

intrinsic eye muscles

A

ciliary muscles, iris muscles

62
Q

extrinsic muscles

A

outer eye muscles like superior rectus, etc

63
Q

auricle parts

A

helix, lobule

64
Q

helix

A

rim of auricle/outer ear

65
Q

lobule

A

ear lobe

66
Q

temporal bone

A

forms roof of external acoustic meatus

67
Q

external acoustic meatus

A

ear canal

68
Q

tympanic membrane

A

eardrum

vibrates against malleus

69
Q

auditory ossicles

A

malleus, incus, stapes

70
Q

auditory ossicles function

A

transmit and amplify vibrations from teh tympanic membrane to vestibular window

71
Q

vestibular window

A

aka oval window

where stapes fits into the vestibule

72
Q

cochlear window

A

aka round window

directly below oval window, enclosed by a second tympanic membrane

73
Q

auditory tube

A

aka eustachian tube

connects tympanic cavity with nasopharynx, opens during yawning or sneezing to equalize pressure

74
Q

semicircular ducts

A

detect rotational speed changes

located within semicircular canals, connects with utricle of the vestibule

75
Q

semicircular canals

A

3 loop things, labeled anterior, pos, and lateral

76
Q

ampulla

A

swollen part of semicircular canals, houses sensory epithelium called crista

detects rotational acceleration/decel

77
Q

crista

A

located in ampulla, contains hair cells for balance, covered by cupula

78
Q

internal auditory canal

A

where the vestibulocochlear canal enters/exits the ear

79
Q

cochlea

A

snail thing
contains cochlear duct, scala vestibuli and scala tympani

80
Q

cochlear duct

A

aka scala media

located in cochlea, contains endolymph

81
Q

scala vestibuli

A

channel below cochlear duct (if looking from the non nerve side)

filled with perilymph

82
Q

scala tympani

A

channel above cochlear duct (if looking from non nerve side)

83
Q

vestibular membrane

A

seperates cochlear duct from scala vestibuli

84
Q

basilar membrane

A

separates cochlear duct from scala tympani

85
Q

spiral organ

A

located inside cochlear duct

contains receptors for hearing (16k hair cells)

86
Q

tectorial membrane

A

covers hair cells of spiral organ in cochlear duct

87
Q

vestibule

A

oval portion of bony labyrinth, behind oval windowu

88
Q

utricle

A

fat side of ampulla, connects to saccules by small duct

helps with balance, orolithic organ

89
Q

saccule

A

orolithic organ

responds to movement in vertical plane

90
Q

macula (ear)

A

in saccule and utricle

thickened regions in them

detects speed of head tilt

91
Q

oroliths

A

dense layer of CO3 crystals that cover the orolithic membranet

92
Q

otoscope

A

ear looking thing

93
Q

test that tested hearing

A

auditory localization test

94
Q
A

BIOL 1191 (30 decks)

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