lab 12 minus obvious shit

Question 1

dura mater differences in cord vs brain

Answer 1

cord
- one layer

Brain
- two layers (parietal and meningeal)
- fused, but split to enclose venous sinuses
- has extensions that separate major brain structures (falx _____)
- no epidural space in brain

Question 2

venous sinuses drain blood into

Answer 2

internal jugular veins

Question 3

where does the falx cerebri attach

Answer 3

the crista Galli of the ethmoid

Question 4

arachnoid granulations

Answer 4

penetrate dura mater into venous sinuses, absorb CSF into blood

Question 5

subarachnoid space

Answer 5

filled with CSF

Question 6

fissures

Answer 6

deep grooves in the brain

Question 7

sulci

Answer 7

shallow fissures in the brain

Question 8

gyrus

Answer 8

bulge on either side of sulci

Question 9

frontal lobe houses

Answer 9

primary motor cortex, brocas area, orbitofrontal cortex, prefrontal cortex

Question 10

parieteal lobe houses

Answer 10

primary somatosensory cortex, wernickes area

Question 11

occipital lobe houses

Answer 11

visual association area

Question 12

central cerebral sulcus

Answer 12

splits frontal and parietal lobes

Question 13

lateral cerebral sulcus

Answer 13

splits frontal and temporal lobes

Question 14

Pareto-occipital sulcus

Answer 14

splits parietal and occipital lobes

Question 15

longitudinal cerebral fissure

Answer 15

splits sides of cerebrum

Question 16

transverse fissure

Answer 16

splits cerebrum and cerebellum

Question 17

insula

Answer 17

cannot be seen from outside, houses gustatory cortex

Question 18

cerebral white matter

Answer 18

contains association, commissural, and projection tracts

Question 19

cerebral cortex

Answer 19

region of grey matter that forms the outer rim of cerebrum

Question 20

arbor vitae

Answer 20

cerebellar white matter

Question 21

Brian stem components

Answer 21

midbrain, pons, medulla oblongata

Question 22

pituitary gland

Answer 22

has connections with hypothalamus to release hormones

Question 23

infundibular stalk (infundibulum)

Answer 23

connect pituitary gland to hypothalamus

Question 24

midbrain function

Answer 24

contains superior/inferior colliculi

superior - visual stimuli responses (of eyes, head, etc)

inferior - auditory stimuli responses (of eyes, head, etc)

substantia nigra and red nuclei are here too

Question 25

pons function

Answer 25

pontine nuclei relay NPs from motor areas of cerebellum

contains nuclei for 5/6/7/8 nerves

Question 26

medulla oblongata function

Answer 26

cardio and respiratory centre

has nuclei for 8/9/10/11/12 nerves

Question 27

corpus callosum

Answer 27

white matter structure that connect the halves of the cerebrum

Question 28

inter thalamic adhesion

Answer 28

gray matter that connects halves of the thalamus

Question 29

posterior pituitary gland hormones

Answer 29

Anti diuretic hormone, oxytocin

Question 30

pineal gland

Answer 30

secretes melatonin

located in epithalamus

Question 31

functions of melatonin

Answer 31

circadian rhythms, induce sleep in RAS

Question 32

why cells produce CSF

Answer 32

ependymal cells

Question 33

septum pellucidum

Answer 33

separates the two lateral ventricles anteriorly

Question 34

interventricular foramina

Answer 34

hole between lateral ventricles and 3rd

Question 35

cerebral aqueduct / aqueduct of the midbrain

Answer 35

where CSF flows from 3rd to 4th

Question 36

3 functions of CSF

Answer 36

mechanical protection - absorb shock

chemical protection - maintain environment

acts as medium for exchange of nutrients and waste between blood and nervous tissue

Question 37

central canal

Answer 37

continuation of the ventricle pathways in spinal cord

Question 38

anterior communicating artery

Answer 38

connects anterior cerebral arteries

Question 39

anterior cerebral arteries

Answer 39

most anterior 2 arteries in cerebral arterial circle

Question 40

internal carotid arteries

Answer 40

two arteries facing the opposite plane on either side of the wang thing on the diagram

Question 41

posterior communicating arteries

Answer 41

connects posterior cerebral arteiros to near internal carotid arteries

Question 42

posterior cerebral arteries

Answer 42

branch off the basilar arteries

Question 43

basilar artery

Answer 43

connect vertebral arteries to arterial circle

Question 44

vertebral Arteries

Answer 44

posterior set of arteries that supply blood to the head

Question 45

what is a choroid plexus and why are they important

Answer 45

network of blood capillaries covered in ependymal cells in ventricle walls that produce CSF

Question 46

two functions of cerebral arterial circle

Answer 46

provides extensive routes for blood to brain tissue

equalizes blood pressure in the brain

Question 47

tests that test cerebellar function

Answer 47

walking in a straight line without looking at your feet (drunk line test)

Question 48

how does the drunk Line test demonstrate the function of the cerebellum

Answer 48

the test involved fine tuned motor skills and balance

Question 49

test that tests cerebral function

Answer 49

30 card memory game

Question 50

how does the card memory game demonstrate the function of the cerebrum

Answer 50

the game involves memory and association

Question 51

optic chiasm

Answer 51

where the optic nerves decussate