Ischiorectal Fossa Flashcards

1
Q

Site

A

In perineum anal triangle on each side of anal canal

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2
Q

Boundries

A
  1. Wedge shaped
  2. 4 walls
  3. Apex
  4. Base
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3
Q

Apex

A

Levator ani origin from obturator fascia

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4
Q

Apex

A

Levator ani origin from obturator fascia

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5
Q

Floor (base)

A

Perineum skin and fascia

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6
Q

Medial wall

A
  1. Upper 2/3:
    - Sloping
    - Levator ani muscle
  2. Lower 1/3:
    - Vertical
    - External anal sphincter
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7
Q

Lateral wall

A
  1. Obturator internus muscle lower part and its fascia
  2. Fascia lower part splits forming pudendal canal (Alcock’s canal) which encloses pudendal nerve and internal pudendal vessels
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8
Q

Anterior wall

A

Perineal membrane posterior border with superficial and deep transverse perineal muscles

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9
Q

Posterior wall

A

Sacrotuberous ligament overlapped by gluteus maximus lower fibers

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10
Q

Content

A
  1. Semi- liquid fat
  2. Inferior rectal vessels
  3. Inferior rectal nerve
  4. Perineal artery
  5. Posterior scrotal (in male) or labial (in female)
  6. Perineal branch of S4 nerve
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11
Q

Semi-liquid fat

A

Allow anal canal distension during defecation

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12
Q

Inferior rectal vessels

A
  1. The artery arises from internal pudendal artery in pudendal canal
  2. Crosses fossa from lateral to medial reaching anal canal
  3. The vein accompanies the artery to end in internal pudendal vein
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13
Q

Inferior rectal nerve

A
  1. From pudendal nerve in pudendal canal
  2. It crosses fossa from lateral to medial
  3. Supply:
    - External anal sphincter
    - Levator ani
    - Skin around anus
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14
Q

Perineal artery

A
  1. From internal pudendal artery in pudendal canal anterior end
  2. Pierces its medial wall entering ischiorectal fossa
  3. Then pierces perineal membrane entering superficial perineal pouch
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15
Q

Posterior scrotal or labial nerves

A
  1. From perineal nerve near pudendal canal anterior end
  2. Supply scrotum or labia majora
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16
Q

Perineal branch of S4 nerve

A
  1. Pierces coccygeus
  2. Enters ischiorectal fossa posterior part
  3. Then passes forwards to supply external anal sphincter and levator ani
17
Q

Applied anatomy

A
  1. Infection may occur in ischiorectal fossa from boils around anus or lesions within anal canal
  2. It may open medial in anal canal connection between anal canal and skin around anus is called anal fistula