Investigations into infection Flashcards
what is meningitis and how can you test for it
inflammation of the meninges caused by viruses or other pathogens
use lumbar puncture to CSF or blood culture
what is encephalitis and how do you test for it
inflammation of the brain usually viral such as herpes
CSF test with viral PCR
what are common causes of a brain abscess and what are the investigative techniques
bacterial, fungal, do not use LP
use local pus sampling or gram stain culture
when would you take a throat sawb for a sore throat
only if there is bacterial evidence but majority are viral
how do you test for these diseases
influenza
pneumonia
pulmonary TB
throat and nose swab
immunoflouresnece or pCR
CURB65 score - sputum, blood culture
exposure testing - mantoux, suptum, microspcopy
how do you test for skin infections such as impetigo or erysipelas
wound stab for blisters
needs aspirates
blood cultures
how do you test for necrotising fasciitis
debride, microscopy, cultures and bloods (FBC, U&E’s)
how do you test or a lower UTI / upper UTI
urine sample
infectious diarrhoea caused by lots of pathogens how do you test for which one
stool sample
bloods and blood culture
how do you test for helobactor pylori
antibody test
stool antigen
urea breath test
biopsy urease
how do you test for liver abscesses
pus stool blood and blood cultures hydatid serology imaging (CT)
how do you test for cholangitis or diverticulitis
bloods and blood culture
CT scan
how do you test for endocarditis (infection of heart valves)
three sets of blood cultures at different times TTE TOE bloods serology microscopy
how do you test for these diseases
hep a
hep b
hep c
serology - antigen and antibody
PCR detects DNA or RNA
IgM short term ad IgG long term tested
acute period and chronic pain
only use IgG
what is terponema palladium and how do you test for it
syphilis
primary is through genitals and secondary through hands back and later with neuter problems
detect by PCR or serology looking for IgM in primary infection
