Breast Pathology Flashcards
when screening for breast pathology which women are eligible and what are you looking for
50-70 y/o - invited every 3 years
looking for calcification
describe the breast triple assessment
1 - clinal assessment ie physical examination and history via P scale
2 - radiological examines - scans - r scale
3 - pathological exam - biopsy B scale
what are the meaning of the three scales when examining breast tissue
P scale - P1 = normal P 5 = malignant
R scale - R1 normal R5 malignant etc
any scale above a 2 grade requires treatment
in normal breast parenchyma what is the role of acini and their structure
they are glands grouped into terminal duct lobular units
produces milk which drain into interlobular ducts into lactiferous ducts
the ducts which drain the acini in the breast have two layers - what are they
inner - ductular epithelial layer
outer - myoepithelial
which layer when broken through in the breast is classed as a carcinoma
when they break through the outer myoepithelial layer
what is fibrocystic change of the breast
a constellation of benign hormonally mediated breast changes including cyst formation, stromal fibrosis and mild epithelial hyperplasia
what are the symptoms and risks of fibrocystic change of the breast
lumpy and painful breast in pre-menopausal women
risk if hypoestrogenism
what is the presentation of fibroadenoma in the breast, risks and treatment
mobile, painless, well defined breast lump
common, especially in 20-30 y/o
infarction is rare complication
surgical excision
what are the risk factors of breast cancer
increased oestrogen, late menopause, obesity in post menopausal, oral contraceptive pill, hormonal therapy, alcohol
in a pathological biopsy of the breast what is the B5 scale split into
B5a - DCIS (ductal carcinoma in situ) and B5b (invasive)
what is a DCIS B5a and the treatment
no invasion
microcalcifcations on screening
t - wide local excision with localisation wire
what are the types of B5b invasive carcinoma
ductal - 75%, lobular, tubular, medullary
what is the treatment of invasive carcinoma B5b of the breast
ultrasound and check markers
sentinel node biopsy
what are the 3 markers of invasive B5b carcinoma
oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, HER2
