Intro to Psychology: Unit 2 Chapter 5 Flashcards
What are the 4 components of consciousness?
- Awareness of external events
- Awareness of internal stimulations
- Awareness of the self as unique when experiencing these events (everyone gas a unique way of experiencing things)
- Awareness of thoughts regarding the experience.
What was Sigmund Freud’s belief about consciousness?
There is an unconscious that drives a lot of behavior.
What does an EEG do?
Measure variations of consciousness through Brain Wave Activity.
What are the 4 different bands of Brain Wave Activity? (DEFINE EACH AND IN THE CORRECT ORDER)
Beta 15-30 Hz - Alert, problem-solving
Alpha 9-14 Hz - Resting and relaxation
Theta 4-8 Hz - Deep relaxation, low alertness, light sleep
Delta 1-3 Hz - Deep sleep
Bad Apples Taste Disgusting
What regulates Circadian rhythms?
Light
What is the 24 hour biological cycle called?
Circadian rhythm
What do Circadian Rhythms provide periodic variations in?
Alertness, body temperature, & hormone secretion.
When going to sleep, body temperature ______ and _______ when we wake up
DECREASES; RISES
Explain Stages 1-5 of the Sleep Cycle, what REM is, and the order of the stages leading up to REM & what stage it occurs at.
Stage 1: Theta Waves are prominent (state of relaxation)
Stage 2: Sleep spindles are prominent (brief bursts of brain waves that happen during non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep)
Stage 3 & 4: Slow-wave sleep, moving into delta waves (1-3 Hz, getting into deep sleep)
Stages 1-4 are NREM
REM is Rapid-eye movement, a deeper sleep where dreams occur, also seen as the “5th” stage. Order is 1,2,3,4,3,2,1, 5 (kind of around where the 2nd stage should be)
Describe REM.
- A deeper sleep where dreams occur
- Very minimal bodily movement
- High Frequency BETA Waves: THIS IS WHY YOU DREAM (you’re technically alert)
-You should hit REM about 4 times.
What is sleep deprivation and what are the effects of Sleep Deprivation?
About 3-4 nights of little-to-no sleep.
- impaired attention
- reaction time slows
- cognitive speed slows
- Poor motor coordination & decision making
What health problems is sleep deprivation linked to?
Obesity, diabetes, hypertension, CHD, weakened immune system.
What is the most common type of sleep disorder?
Insomnia
What are the 3 identifiable patterns of insomnia?
- Struggling to fall asleep
- Struggling to stay asleep
- Waking up earlier than intended/desired.
Define: Narcolepsy
A person enters REM out of nowhere/falls asleep out of nowhere.
-Least Common Sleep disorder
Define: Sleep Apnea
Stop breathing when you sleep.
- Bad airflow throughout the night
- Gasping for air disrupts your sleep pattern and you don’t realize you do this during the night which makes you sleep deprived.
Define: Somnambulism
Sleep walking and/or sleep talking.
What term did Freud use to describe waking life spilling into dreams?
Day-Residue.
What is Hypnosis?
Produces relaxation, narrowed attention, and enhanced fantasy.
What are 4 common effects of Hypnosis?
- Acts as Anesthesia
- Hallucinations
- Disinhibition (doing things you normally wouldn’t do, but you’re In still control of yourself)
- Posthypnotic suggestions and amnesia
What is Meditation?
Trying to alter our consciousness level through a form of relaxation.
Define: Psychoactive Drugs
Chemical Drugs that modify mental, emotional, or behavioral functioning.
Define: Physical Dependence
Needing a drug to avoid physical illness and/or withdrawal illness.
Define: Psychological Dependence
Needing a drug to satisfy mental cravings.
What is Tolerance?
Getting used to the amount of a drug you’re taking. Progressive decrease in a persons response to a drug.
Define: Narcotics (opiates) and provide risks
Pain Relievers
Risks:
- Physical and psychological dependence
- Fatal Overdose
Ex: Norco, Morphine, Codeine
Define: Sedatives and provide risks
Decrease CNS activity, sleep-inducing drugs
Risks:
- Physical & Psychological Dependence
- Fatal overdose (accidents involving drowsiness)
Define: Stimulants and provide risks
Increases CNS activity to make you more alert
Ex: Amphetamine, cocaine
Risks:
- Fatal Overdose is moderate-to-high
- Health Consequences from Long Term use (respiratory and cardiovascular conditions)
Define: Cannabis and provide risks
Active ingredient is THC (Makes you high)
Risks:
- Intellect decreases over time
- Psychological dependence is moderate
- Overdosing (not fatal)
- can develop lung cancer
- accidents
- respiratory diseases when SMOKING
- Vulnerability increase to schizophrenia
Define: Alcohol and provide risks
Most widely used psychoactive drug
Increases self-esteem, relaxes
Risks:
- Moderate risk of Physical Dependence
- Moderate Psychological Dependence
- Fatal overdose Low-to-High (Can get alcohol poisoning)
- can develop Wernicke Syndrome
- Cancer in the esophagus
- Heart Conditions
- Liver Destruction
Define: Hallucinogens and provide risks
Cause distorted sensory perceptions
Ex: LSD
Side Effects:
- Emotional mood swings, paranoia, and impaired judgment.
- Can cause panic and/or accidents.
Define: MDMA or Ecstasy and provide risks
Mixture of amphetamines and hallucinogens
- creates a feeling of warmth that can last for hours.
Side Effects:
- High BP
- Insomnia
- Anxiety
STUDT EXTRA CREDIT
HYPNOSIS VIDEO
