American History 101- Lecture 2 Flashcards
What crops made the Southern Colonies known & valued?
Tobacco, Rice, and Sugar
What coastal towns grew in 1700s?
Charleston, SC, savannah, GA, etc.
Who settled in the growing coastal towns?
Merchants and planter elite
Why were the early years of the southern colonies extremely rough for them?
Trouble growing food, exposed to diseases, etc. (THERE WAS A HIGH MORTALITY RATE)
What type of people did Southern Colonies attract?
- Adventurers
- Hands-on Investors
- People who had MONEY and wanted a fresh start
- Convicts & poor
- Military men
What were the Colonial Labor Systems? (3 parts)
- Free Wage Labor (meaning you have the freedom to communicate properly and make choices regarding your jobs and job-based factors)
- Indentured Servitude (most common type of worker)
- Chattel Slavery (movable property/slaves)
Explain what Indentured Servitude is.
- Temporary (4-7 years)
- Workers had some legal rights
- Could gain freedom & sometimes land/money
- Mostly poor Europeans
- Harsh conditions, but not lifelong
Explain what Chattel Slavery is.
- Lifelong & hereditary
- Enslaved people were property with no rights
- No chance for freedom
- Mostly Africans, forced into labor
- Became the dominant labor system in the South
What were the first 2 Northern (New England) Colonies?
Plymouth & Massachusetts Bay - Pilgrims 1620, Puritans 1630
What defined the Pilgrims (1620) and Puritans (1630) when they created the Northern Colonies?
Their religious and community impulses/sense of close community & creation of communities.
What type of rules were there in the Northern Colonies regarding wealth?
RELIGIOUS Rules/Restrictions
Some Defining Characteristics of the Northern Colonies (New England)
- Religion
- Gender Balance, population growth
- Self-Sufficient Communities
What were the MIDDLE Colonies composed of?
Pennsylvania, Dutch New Netherland (Later New York), New Jersey, and Delaware
What were some Characteristics of the Middle Colonies
- Commercially Oriented, but also religious
- Religiously-tolerant
- Diverse Population
- Fertile Soil/agriculture
- Growing Economy
- Diverse Geography (rivers, soil, etc).
What group encapsulated the middle colonies? Describe them
The Quakers (William Penn)
- Believed in equality, pacifism, and inner divine light.
- Rejected formal clergy and emphasized silent worship.
- Faced persecution but played key roles in abolition, women’s rights, and social reform.
What colonies in the middle colonies were the “seaport” colonies?
PA & NY
What demographic of people did the middle colonies attract?
Non-english colonists
Out of the Southern, middle, and New England colonies, which 2 are the most alike and why?
Southern & Middle colonies because they strive to find new ways to make money and improve while New England focuses primarily on religion & community.
