Intro to Psych: Unit 4 Chapter 13 Flashcards
What does the Biopsychosocial model hold?
Physical illness is caused by a complex interaction of BIOLOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL, and SOCIOCULTURAL factors
What is Health Psychology?
Field of study that seeks to determine the importance of psychological factors in illness, as well in prevention and health maintenance.
4 Principle Types of Stress: Frustration
Stress experienced when the pursuit of a goal is impeded or halted.
Define: Stress
Any circumstance that threatens or is PERCEIVED to threaten one’s well-being and burden one’s coping ability.
STRESS IS SUBJECTIVE “LIES IN THE MIND OF THE BEHOLDER”
4 Principle Types of Stress: Change
Any noticeable alteration in one’s living circumstances.
4 Principle Types of Stress: Pressure
Comes from expectations or demands that on behave in a certain way.
MOST PRESSURE IS SELF-IMPOSED
4 Principle Types of Stress: Internal Conflict
Stress arising from competing demands or causes.
3 Types of Internal Conflict: Approach-Approach
Choosing between two desirable options
Ex: Choosing between two great vacation spots
3 Types of Internal Conflict: Avoidance-Avoidance
Choosing between two undesirable options
Ex: Choosing to have to do clean dishes or clean the tables
3 Types of Internal Conflict: Approach-Avoidance
Choosing between something desirable and something undesirable
Ex: wanting a promotion at work but fearing the increased responsibility that comes with it
Who developed General Adaptation Syndrome?
Hans Selye
What are the 3 phases of General Adaptation Syndrome?
- Alarm Reaction phase
- Recognizing the existence of a threat. Arousal increases - Stage of Resistance phase
- Physiological arousal stabilizes at a high level to cope - Stage of Exhaustion
- Physiological resources are depleted, leading to exhaustion and physical diseases
There are 2 major pathways along the brain which sends signals in response to stress. What initiates both pathways?
THE HYPOTHALAMUS
What is the order of events in the first major pathway in brain-response signals to stress?
Hypothalamus, activates sympathetic nervous system, activates adrenal gland, and releases corticoid steroids.
What is the order of events in the second major pathway in brain-response signals to stress?
Hypothalamus to the pituitary gland, activates ATCH, which stimulates adrenal gland, and releases corticoid steroids.
What is coping?
Efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress.
What is Constructive Coping?
Healthy behavioral efforts to deal with stress.
What are the 4 Appraisal-Focused Strategies of Constructive Coping?
- Confront Problems Directly
- Avoid Negative Thinking
- Reassess stressful events in less threatening ways.
- Ensuring physical health/that your body is healthy
What is Learned Helplessness?
A person feels like they lose all control of a situation because of repeatedly experiencing a stressful event.
What’s a Type A Personality and what are some risks?
Characterized by being overly-competitive, impatient, hostile.
Risks: Heart disease, asthma, hypertension, migraine, etc.
What’s a Type B Personality and what are some risks?
Very flexible, easy-going, relaxed, less driven by a sense of urge.
Risks: Decreases immune system which make you more vulnerable to sickness.
What is Social Support?
Types of aid provided by members of one’s social networks.
Social support is _________ correlated with mortality
INVERSELY
______ appears to lead to more effective coping with stress and has been fund to correlate with good physical health.
OPTIMISM
___________ relates to increased longevity because it correlates too better health habits.
CONSCIENTIOUSNESS (state of being responsible, self-disciplined, etc)
What are the 3 most Health-Impairing Behaviors?
- Smoking
- Alcohol/drugs
- Poor Nutrition & Lack of Exercise
STUDY EXTRA CREDIT!
As Stress INCREASES, so does the risk of getting a ______
COLD
