Inflammatory Cascade Flashcards
Review of transient vasoconstriction through phagocytosis
List the events in the inflammatory cascade in order
- Transient vasoconstriction
- Vasodilation
- Margination
- Adhesion/pavementation
- Emigration/migration via chemotaxis
- Aggregation
- Phagocytosis
What is transient vasocontriction?
Initial vascular response lasting a few seconds
Vasodilation results in increased blood flow to the damaged tissue. This serves to…
increase potential delivery of cells/substrates to damaged area
Vasodilation alone is not sufficient, what is required in addition?
Increase in vascular permeability
What are three major changes in vascular permeability observed?
- Immediate-transient responses
- Immediate-sustained responses
- Delayed-prolonged leakage
Describe immediate-transient responses with an example
Endothelial cell of capillary receives histamine and contracts, causing leak
ie. seasonal allergy
Describe immediate-sustained responses with an example
Endothelial cell damage by direct injury
ie. cut by knife
Describe delayed-prolonged leakage with an example
Apoptosis of endothelial cell
ie. UV damage
What is margination?
Movement of WBCs toward vascular wall
What do selectins do during adhesion?
Rolling (sticking then letting go)
What do integrins do during adhesion?
Firm adhesion (can stop)
What do immunoglobulins do during adhesion?
Transmigration (through vascular wall)
Diapedesis (crawling to tissue)
Emigration/migration occurs via…
chemotaxis
What is chemotaxis?
Moving along a chemical gradient
What is aggregation?
Cells collect in the area of interest
