Cell Derived Mediators of Inflammation Flashcards
Pathways of arachidonic acid and functions of cytokines
What are two vasoactive amines?
Histamine, serotonin
What makes vasoactive amines?
Cells make them and release them when needed
Which vasoactive amine drives anaphylaxis?
Histamine
Which vasoactive amine is involved in platelet activation?
Serotonin
If arachidonic acid is metabolized into leukotrienes, what pathway was used?
Lypoxygenase
When arachidonic acid is metabolized by lypoxygenase, what is the result?
Leukotrienes
Which leukotriene is chemotactic for phagocytic cells?
LTB4
Which leukotrienes are responsible for bronchoconstriction?
LTC4, LTD4
If someone has asthma, they will have ___ leukotrienes
more
Which enzyme catalyzes the first step of the arachidonic acid pathway by breaking down phospholipids?
PLA2 phospholipase A2
What medications turn off enzyme PLA2 phospholipase A2?
Corticosteroids: Prednisone/Cortisol
What medications will start the cyclo-oxygenase pathway?
NSAIDs: aspirin, ibuprofen
What two key enzymes are used in the cyclo-oxygenase pathway?
Which is normal and which is inducible?
COX-1 (normal)
COX-2 (inducible)
Vioxx, Celebrex, and Naproxen are inhibitors of…
COX-2
If arachidonic acid goes through the cyclo-oxygenase pathway, it will become…
thromboxanes or prostaglandins
What is an example of a thromboxane?
TXA2
TXA2 is antagonistic to which prostaglandin?
PGI2 (prostacyclin)
What is the effect of thromboxanes on blood vessels and blood?
Vasoconstriction and increased platelet aggregation
What is the effect of prostaglandins on blood vessels and blood?
Vasodilation and decreased platelet aggregation
Name three examples of prostaglandins
- PGD2
- PGE2
- PGI2 (prostacyclin)