Infection Control Flashcards
What is OSHA?
federal agency within Department of Labor
What does OSHA do?
- assures safe and healthy working conditions
- sets and enforces standards
- mandates employee safety training and record keeping
What are hazard classifications?
chemical manufacturers required to determine the hazards of the chemicals they produce
What are chemical labels?
includes words, pictures, hazard statement, and precautionary statement for each hazard class and category
What are safety data sheets?
binder of chemicals located on premises to review in case of emergency, spills, accidents
What is the cycle of infection?
- means of exit
- means of transmission
- means of entrance
- susceptible host
- reservoir host
- repeat!
What does means of transmission mean?
how the pathogen spreads to a host
What are examples of means of transmission?
- airborne
- droplet (3-6 feet)
- bloodborne
- foodborne
- vector-borne (tick, dog, mosquito)
- direct contact
- indirect contact (fomites)
What is a fomite?
objects that are likely to carry infection
- clothes, utensils, furniture
What are other transmission routes?
- fecal: oral route- hep A
- skin: broken/unbroken, MRSA
- mucus membrane: herpes, HPV
- blood: Hep B, Hep C, HIV
What is the portal of entrance?
any cavity lined with mucous membrane
Give examples of portal of entrance?
- mouth
- nose
- eye
- anus
- vagina
- breaks in the skin
What is medical asepsis?
clean technique based on maintaining cleanliness and preventing spread of microorganisms
What is surgical asepsis?
sterile field
- free from all organisms and prevents other organisms from entering the body
What is proper hand hygiene?
1/2” length for fingernail and no nail polish or fake nails
- wash hands
When should you wash hands?
- start of shift
- before and after eating
- before and after using the bathroom
- before and after smoking
- when hands are visibly dirty
What percentage does hand sanitizer need to be?
minimum of 60% alcohol
What is the OSHA bloodborne pathogens standard?
laws that protect healthcare workers and patients
- how to properly dispose of infectious waste
What are some ways to protect against needlestick injuries?
- self-sheathing needle
- retracting needle
- re-sheathing scalpel
What are the main safety rules for bloodborne pathogens?
- mandates use of engineering controls
- never recap, reuse, or bend used needles
- keep sharps containers upright
- designated, OSHA approved, leak proof sharps container
What does in a biohazard bag?
used strips, plastic blood tubes, gauze, any other non-sharp items contaminated with blood
- NOTHING SHARP
How much employers comply with OSHA standards?
- OSHA exposure control plan
- provides training to all employees and document training
- provide PPE and hep B vaccine for free
- follow needlestick safety and prevention act
What does proper PPE consist of?
gloves, masks, eyewear, protecting clothing
What is the order of donning?
1) wash hands
2) gown
3) mask
4) goggles
5) gloves
What is the order of doffin?
1) gloves
2) gown
3) goggles
4) mask
5) wash hands
Define biohazard.
biological or chemical substance that is dangerous to human beings and the environment
Define OSHA.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration
- oversees and regulates worker safety
What is the CDC?
Centers for Disease Control
What is HIV?
human immunodeficiency virus
- invades and inactivates helped T-cells
What is HPV?
Hepatitis B
- liver infection that is transmitted by blood, semen, or other bodily fluids
