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Medical Assisting > Infection Control > Flashcards

Infection Control Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What is OSHA?

A

federal agency within Department of Labor

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2
Q

What does OSHA do?

A
  • assures safe and healthy working conditions
  • sets and enforces standards
  • mandates employee safety training and record keeping
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3
Q

What are hazard classifications?

A

chemical manufacturers required to determine the hazards of the chemicals they produce

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4
Q

What are chemical labels?

A

includes words, pictures, hazard statement, and precautionary statement for each hazard class and category

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5
Q

What are safety data sheets?

A

binder of chemicals located on premises to review in case of emergency, spills, accidents

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6
Q

What is the cycle of infection?

A
  • means of exit
  • means of transmission
  • means of entrance
  • susceptible host
  • reservoir host
  • repeat!
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7
Q

What does means of transmission mean?

A

how the pathogen spreads to a host

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8
Q

What are examples of means of transmission?

A
  • airborne
  • droplet (3-6 feet)
  • bloodborne
  • foodborne
  • vector-borne (tick, dog, mosquito)
  • direct contact
  • indirect contact (fomites)
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9
Q

What is a fomite?

A

objects that are likely to carry infection
- clothes, utensils, furniture

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10
Q

What are other transmission routes?

A
  • fecal: oral route- hep A
  • skin: broken/unbroken, MRSA
  • mucus membrane: herpes, HPV
  • blood: Hep B, Hep C, HIV
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11
Q

What is the portal of entrance?

A

any cavity lined with mucous membrane

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12
Q

Give examples of portal of entrance?

A
  • mouth
  • nose
  • eye
  • anus
  • vagina
  • breaks in the skin
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13
Q

What is medical asepsis?

A

clean technique based on maintaining cleanliness and preventing spread of microorganisms

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14
Q

What is surgical asepsis?

A

sterile field
- free from all organisms and prevents other organisms from entering the body

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15
Q

What is proper hand hygiene?

A

1/2” length for fingernail and no nail polish or fake nails
- wash hands

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16
Q

When should you wash hands?

A
  • start of shift
  • before and after eating
  • before and after using the bathroom
  • before and after smoking
  • when hands are visibly dirty
17
Q

What percentage does hand sanitizer need to be?

A

minimum of 60% alcohol

18
Q

What is the OSHA bloodborne pathogens standard?

A

laws that protect healthcare workers and patients
- how to properly dispose of infectious waste

19
Q

What are some ways to protect against needlestick injuries?

A
  • self-sheathing needle
  • retracting needle
  • re-sheathing scalpel
20
Q

What are the main safety rules for bloodborne pathogens?

A
  • mandates use of engineering controls
  • never recap, reuse, or bend used needles
  • keep sharps containers upright
  • designated, OSHA approved, leak proof sharps container
21
Q

What does in a biohazard bag?

A

used strips, plastic blood tubes, gauze, any other non-sharp items contaminated with blood
- NOTHING SHARP

22
Q

How much employers comply with OSHA standards?

A
  • OSHA exposure control plan
  • provides training to all employees and document training
  • provide PPE and hep B vaccine for free
  • follow needlestick safety and prevention act
23
Q

What does proper PPE consist of?

A

gloves, masks, eyewear, protecting clothing

24
Q

What is the order of donning?

A

1) wash hands
2) gown
3) mask
4) goggles
5) gloves

25
Q

What is the order of doffin?

A

1) gloves
2) gown
3) goggles
4) mask
5) wash hands

26
Q

Define biohazard.

A

biological or chemical substance that is dangerous to human beings and the environment

27
Q

Define OSHA.

A

Occupational Safety and Health Administration
- oversees and regulates worker safety

28
Q

What is the CDC?

A

Centers for Disease Control

29
Q

What is HIV?

A

human immunodeficiency virus
- invades and inactivates helped T-cells

30
Q

What is HPV?

A

Hepatitis B
- liver infection that is transmitted by blood, semen, or other bodily fluids

Medical Assisting (38 decks)

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