Diagnostic Imaging and Physical Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

What is diagnostic radiology for?

A
  • screening
  • clinical diagnosis
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2
Q

What are x-rays?

A

electromagnetic waves that travel at the speed of light and penetrate solid objects
- needs lead aprons as shield

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3
Q

What is the role of a MA during x-rays?

A
  • assist with procedures
  • schedule appointments
  • explain procedure
  • find out medical history
  • insurance verification
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4
Q

What is KUB radiography?

A

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder
- assess size, shape, position
- x-ray of abdomen

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5
Q

What is mammography?

A
  • x-ray exam of internal breast tissues
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6
Q

What are examples of contrast mediums?

A
  • iodine
  • barium
  • air/gases
  • elements (metals)
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7
Q

Why do we use contract mediums?

A
  • aids in making structures lighter and brighter
  • easier to visualize
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8
Q

How are contrast mediums administered?

A
  • orally
  • injection
  • intravenously
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9
Q

What are the problems with oral contrast agents?

A
  • takes a week to excrete
  • will interfere with visualization testing
    = endoscopy studies are delayed until dye clears
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10
Q

What are the pros and cons of IV/iodine contrast?

A

pros: clears in 24 hours
- shows inside of vessel and gives information on surrounding organs
cons: can’t be used on people with shellfish allergy
- caution with impaired renal function patients

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11
Q

What are adverse effects to oral contrast agents?

A
  • mild to severe
  • abdominal cramping, constipation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea
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12
Q

What are adverse effects to iodine contrast?

A
  • check for allergy to iodine or shellfish
  • monitor patient for signs of allergy or anaphylaxis
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13
Q

What is CT?

A

computed tomography
- combination of x-rays and computer technology to produce images of the inside of the body

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14
Q

What is MRI?

A

magnetic resonance imaging
- magnetic field and computer-generated radio waves to create detailed images of organs and tissues

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15
Q

What is fluoroscopy?

A
  • x-ray with video
  • shows movement inside the body over time
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16
Q

What are common fluoroscopy procedures?

A
  • hysterosalpingography: examination of uterus and fallopian tubes
  • arthrography: used to diagnose abnormalities or injuries in joints, cartilage, tendons, ligaments
  • angiography: assess arteries and veins
  • angiocardiography: images of medium flowing through the heart, lungs, major vessels
  • myelography: used to evaluate spinal abnormalities
  • cholecystography: detects gallstones or abnormalities of the gallbladder
  • barium swallow: upper GI diagnosis (obstructions, ulcers, polyps, diverticulosis, tumor)
  • barium enema: lower GI diagnosis (colon and rectum)
17
Q

How does ultrasound work?

A

sound waves to produce pictures of the inside of the body

18
Q

What does ultrasound diagnose?

A
  • causes of pain, swelling, infection
  • heart conditions
  • fetus viewing
  • biopsy guide
19
Q

What is nuclear medicine?

A

use of radionuclides to evaluate internal organs

20
Q

What is SPECT?

A

access brain damage after stroke

21
Q

What is PET?

A

detect early signs of cancer, heart disease, brain disorders

22
Q

What is MUGA scan?

A

evaluate the condition of the heart muscles

23
Q

What are some benefits of physical therapy?

A
  • restores and improves muscle function
  • builds strength
  • increases joint mobility
  • relieves pain
  • increases circulation
24
Q

What is joint mobility testing?

A
  • range of motion: degree to which a joint is able to move
25
What is muscle strength testing?
compares each side of body
26
What is gait-ambulation testing?
assessment of how a patient walks, length of stride, balance, coordination
27
What is posture testing?
- body position and alignment - checks spinal curves - symmetry of alignment
28
What is cryotherapy?
applying cold for therapeutic reasons
29
What are the benefits of cryotherapy?
- constricts blood vessels - prevents swelling - controls bleeding - anesthetic effect - reduces pus formation - lowers body temperature
30
What is thermotherapy?
applying heat for therapeutic reasons
31
What are benefits of thermotherapy?
- dilates blood vessels - relieves pain and congestion - reduces muscle spasms - relaxes muscles - reduces inflammation and swelling
32
What is hydrotherapy?
use of water for soothing pains and treating certain medical conditions - pools - hot tubs - physiotherapy tanks
33
What is the purpose of hydrotherapy?
- relaxes muscles - decreases pain - increases circulation
34
What is exercise therapy?
primary treatment for some disorders and sports injuries
35
What is the purpose of exercise therapy?
- flexibility - mobility - muscle tone - strength
36
What is DME?
durable medical equipment - canes, wheelchair, crutches, walker
37
How much support do canes provide? What types of canes are there?
standard support (small amount) - tripod and quad-base
38
Who uses walkers?
patients who can't walk unassisted - have balance issues
39
What are the types of crutches?
- axillary (short term use): ground to axilla - lofstrand (long-term use): ground to forearm