Diagnostic Imaging and Physical Therapy

Question 1

What is diagnostic radiology for?

Answer 1

• screening
• clinical diagnosis

Question 2

What are x-rays?

Answer 2

electromagnetic waves that travel at the speed of light and penetrate solid objects
- needs lead aprons as shield

Question 3

What is the role of a MA during x-rays?

Answer 3

• assist with procedures
• schedule appointments
• explain procedure
• find out medical history
• insurance verification

Question 4

What is KUB radiography?

Answer 4

Kidney, Ureter, Bladder
- assess size, shape, position
- x-ray of abdomen

Question 5

What is mammography?

Answer 5

• x-ray exam of internal breast tissues

Question 6

What are examples of contrast mediums?

Answer 6

• iodine
• barium
• air/gases
• elements (metals)

Question 7

Why do we use contract mediums?

Answer 7

• aids in making structures lighter and brighter
• easier to visualize

Question 8

How are contrast mediums administered?

Answer 8

• orally
• injection
• intravenously

Question 9

What are the problems with oral contrast agents?

Answer 9

• takes a week to excrete
• will interfere with visualization testing
  = endoscopy studies are delayed until dye clears

Question 10

What are the pros and cons of IV/iodine contrast?

Answer 10

pros: clears in 24 hours
- shows inside of vessel and gives information on surrounding organs
cons: can’t be used on people with shellfish allergy
- caution with impaired renal function patients

Question 11

What are adverse effects to oral contrast agents?

Answer 11

• mild to severe
• abdominal cramping, constipation, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea

Question 12

What are adverse effects to iodine contrast?

Answer 12

• check for allergy to iodine or shellfish
• monitor patient for signs of allergy or anaphylaxis

Question 13

What is CT?

Answer 13

computed tomography
- combination of x-rays and computer technology to produce images of the inside of the body

Question 14

What is MRI?

Answer 14

magnetic resonance imaging
- magnetic field and computer-generated radio waves to create detailed images of organs and tissues

Question 15

What is fluoroscopy?

Answer 15

• x-ray with video
• shows movement inside the body over time

Question 16

What are common fluoroscopy procedures?

Answer 16

• hysterosalpingography: examination of uterus and fallopian tubes
• arthrography: used to diagnose abnormalities or injuries in joints, cartilage, tendons, ligaments
• angiography: assess arteries and veins
• angiocardiography: images of medium flowing through the heart, lungs, major vessels
• myelography: used to evaluate spinal abnormalities
• cholecystography: detects gallstones or abnormalities of the gallbladder
• barium swallow: upper GI diagnosis (obstructions, ulcers, polyps, diverticulosis, tumor)
• barium enema: lower GI diagnosis (colon and rectum)

Question 17

How does ultrasound work?

Answer 17

sound waves to produce pictures of the inside of the body

Question 18

What does ultrasound diagnose?

Answer 18

• causes of pain, swelling, infection
• heart conditions
• fetus viewing
• biopsy guide

Question 19

What is nuclear medicine?

Answer 19

use of radionuclides to evaluate internal organs

Question 20

What is SPECT?

Answer 20

access brain damage after stroke

Question 21

What is PET?

Answer 21

detect early signs of cancer, heart disease, brain disorders

Question 22

What is MUGA scan?

Answer 22

evaluate the condition of the heart muscles

Question 23

What are some benefits of physical therapy?

Answer 23

• restores and improves muscle function
• builds strength
• increases joint mobility
• relieves pain
• increases circulation

Question 24

What is joint mobility testing?

Answer 24

• range of motion: degree to which a joint is able to move

Question 25

What is muscle strength testing?

Answer 25

compares each side of body

Question 26

What is gait-ambulation testing?

Answer 26

assessment of how a patient walks, length of stride, balance, coordination

Question 27

What is posture testing?

Answer 27

• body position and alignment
• checks spinal curves
• symmetry of alignment

Question 28

What is cryotherapy?

Answer 28

applying cold for therapeutic reasons

Question 29

What are the benefits of cryotherapy?

Answer 29

• constricts blood vessels
• prevents swelling
• controls bleeding
• anesthetic effect
• reduces pus formation
• lowers body temperature

Question 30

What is thermotherapy?

Answer 30

applying heat for therapeutic reasons

Question 31

What are benefits of thermotherapy?

Answer 31

• dilates blood vessels
• relieves pain and congestion
• reduces muscle spasms
• relaxes muscles
• reduces inflammation and swelling

Question 32

What is hydrotherapy?

Answer 32

use of water for soothing pains and treating certain medical conditions
- pools
- hot tubs
- physiotherapy tanks

Question 33

What is the purpose of hydrotherapy?

Answer 33

• relaxes muscles
• decreases pain
• increases circulation

Question 34

What is exercise therapy?

Answer 34

primary treatment for some disorders and sports injuries

Question 35

What is the purpose of exercise therapy?

Answer 35

• flexibility
• mobility
• muscle tone
• strength

Question 36

What is DME?

Answer 36

durable medical equipment
- canes, wheelchair, crutches, walker

Question 37

How much support do canes provide? What types of canes are there?

Answer 37

standard support (small amount)
- tripod and quad-base

Question 38

Who uses walkers?

Answer 38

patients who can’t walk unassisted
- have balance issues

Question 39

What are the types of crutches?

Answer 39

• axillary (short term use): ground to axilla
• lofstrand (long-term use): ground to forearm